{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905931456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3210753","title":"Autonomous tools and design","display_name":"Autonomous tools and design","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905931456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3210753","mag":"2905931456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3210753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3210753","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3210753","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3210753","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064021607","display_name":"Stefan Seidel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-6510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184656255","display_name":"University of Liechtenstein","ror":"https://ror.org/01qjrx392","country_code":"LI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184656255"]}],"countries":["LI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Seidel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Liechtenstein"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Liechtenstein","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184656255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000707324","display_name":"Nicholas Berente","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1403-4696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Berente","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069474434","display_name":"Aron Lindberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-6603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aron Lindberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business of Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business of Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046464686","display_name":"Kalle Lyytinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-5343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalle Lyytinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084449778","display_name":"Jeffrey V. Nickerson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-3898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey V. Nickerson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9311,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9494168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"1","first_page":"50","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5790096521377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.34502750635147095}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5790096521377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.34502750635147095}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3210753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3210753","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3210753","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3210753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3210753","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3210753","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2905931456.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2905931456.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W77497644","https://openalex.org/W1734874632","https://openalex.org/W2035033474","https://openalex.org/W2045462450","https://openalex.org/W2089320319","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2246664447","https://openalex.org/W2551887912","https://openalex.org/W2950872548","https://openalex.org/W2963305465","https://openalex.org/W3149585970","https://openalex.org/W4297081765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655","https://openalex.org/W2359140296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"addition":[1],"to":[2,12,16],"having":[3],"a":[4],"detailed":[5],"understanding":[6],"of":[7],"the":[8,18],"artifacts":[9],"they":[10,21],"intend":[11],"create,":[13],"designers":[14],"need":[15],"guide":[17],"software":[19],"tools":[20],"use.":[22]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
