{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2894151403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208952","title":"Shadow Symbolic Execution for Testing Software Patches","display_name":"Shadow Symbolic Execution for Testing Software Patches","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2894151403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208952","mag":"2894151403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3208952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208952","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3208952?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3208952?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083683403","display_name":"Tomasz Kuchta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2765-6961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tomasz Kuchta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044889270","display_name":"Hristina Palikareva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hristina Palikareva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053355200","display_name":"Cristian Cadar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-7264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Cadar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083683403"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0857,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92343248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8589619994163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-execution","display_name":"Symbolic execution","score":0.803413987159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-testing","display_name":"Regression testing","score":0.7813531160354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-suite","display_name":"Test suite","score":0.757016658782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.5416626334190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-coverage","display_name":"Code coverage","score":0.5154353380203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.4576202630996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.45743682980537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.4421474039554596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4024423360824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.39606773853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33463722467422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.32905328273773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32114243507385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.2239481806755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-analysis","display_name":"Regression analysis","score":0.1438184380531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.12652775645256042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8589619994163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779639559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7661178","display_name":"Symbolic execution","level":3,"score":0.803413987159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161821725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917415","display_name":"Regression testing","level":5,"score":0.7813531160354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151552104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705809","display_name":"Test suite","level":4,"score":0.757016658782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.5416626334190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53942775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211721","display_name":"Code coverage","level":3,"score":0.5154353380203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4576202630996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.45743682980537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4421474039554596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4024423360824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.39606773853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33463722467422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.32905328273773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32114243507385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.2239481806755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.1438184380531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.12652775645256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3208952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208952","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3208952?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/59162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/59162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3208952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208952","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3208952?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1361938442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1944054016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L002795/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3631313543","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","funder_display_name":"Microsoft Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4725883789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J00636X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7118479875","display_name":"Testing, Verifying, and Generating Software Patches Using Dynamic Symbolic Execution","funder_award_id":"EP/J00636X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7213673408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J00636X/1, EP/L002795/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8290339323","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PhD Scholarship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","funder_display_name":"Microsoft Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2894151403.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2894151403.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116894366","https://openalex.org/W216996474","https://openalex.org/W1538643901","https://openalex.org/W1738817570","https://openalex.org/W1878544538","https://openalex.org/W1963523113","https://openalex.org/W1968494916","https://openalex.org/W1983306745","https://openalex.org/W1984554975","https://openalex.org/W2000473405","https://openalex.org/W2009489720","https://openalex.org/W2017828132","https://openalex.org/W2020689607","https://openalex.org/W2036691447","https://openalex.org/W2040385668","https://openalex.org/W2057891174","https://openalex.org/W2074888021","https://openalex.org/W2078988604","https://openalex.org/W2095551048","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2097146584","https://openalex.org/W2105983962","https://openalex.org/W2107147876","https://openalex.org/W2108629523","https://openalex.org/W2118438832","https://openalex.org/W2125152082","https://openalex.org/W2137351629","https://openalex.org/W2138224468","https://openalex.org/W2140323279","https://openalex.org/W2141852905","https://openalex.org/W2145212015","https://openalex.org/W2151497944","https://openalex.org/W2151585646","https://openalex.org/W2168625647","https://openalex.org/W2279657578","https://openalex.org/W2517404595","https://openalex.org/W2546522537","https://openalex.org/W2616524285","https://openalex.org/W2751343396","https://openalex.org/W2758443906","https://openalex.org/W2766540688","https://openalex.org/W2784088285","https://openalex.org/W3122174321","https://openalex.org/W4236799059","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4242148730","https://openalex.org/W4249100736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2179621094","https://openalex.org/W1978406750","https://openalex.org/W2018145554","https://openalex.org/W2054959879","https://openalex.org/W3134448717","https://openalex.org/W2243231242","https://openalex.org/W2028796071","https://openalex.org/W2052414005","https://openalex.org/W2795302276","https://openalex.org/W2187337904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"developers":[1],"are":[2,35],"aware":[3],"of":[4,7,54,142,158,179],"the":[5,11,39,44,48,51,55,75,89,92,96,102,106,121,124,134,139,143,151,155,180],"importance":[6],"comprehensively":[8,137],"testing":[9,25],"patches,":[10],"large":[12],"effort":[13],"involved":[14],"in":[15,28,47,95],"coming":[16],"up":[17],"with":[18,101],"relevant":[19],"test":[20,33,71,131,138,169],"cases":[21,34],"means":[22],"that":[23,66,73,163,171],"such":[24],"rarely":[26],"happens":[27],"practice.":[29],"Furthermore,":[30],"even":[31],"when":[32],"written":[36],"to":[37,69,167],"cover":[38,74],"patch,":[40],"they":[41],"often":[42],"exercise":[43,172],"same":[45,97],"behaviour":[46],"old":[49,90,103,122],"and":[50,91,123,136,161,176],"new":[52,76,93,107,125,140,144],"version":[53,94,104,126],"code.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58,110],"article,":[59],"we":[60,128],"present":[61],"a":[62,81,115,130],"symbolic":[63,98],"execution-based":[64],"technique":[65,84,149],"is":[67,118,165],"designed":[68],"generate":[70,129,168],"inputs":[72,170],"program":[77],"behaviours":[78,141,175],"introduced":[79],"by":[80,86],"patch.":[82],"The":[83],"works":[85],"executing":[87],"both":[88],"execution":[99],"instance,":[100],"shadowing":[105],"one.":[108],"During":[109],"combined":[111],"shadow":[112],"execution,":[113],"whenever":[114],"branch":[116],"point":[117],"reached":[119],"where":[120],"diverge,":[127],"input":[132],"exercising":[133],"divergence":[135],"version.":[145],"We":[146],"evaluate":[147],"our":[148],"on":[150],"Coreutils":[152],"patches":[153],"from":[154],"CoREBench":[156],"suite":[157],"regression":[159,181],"bugs,":[160],"show":[162],"it":[164],"able":[166],"newly":[173],"added":[174],"expose":[177],"some":[178],"bugs.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}