{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807874935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205455.3205578","title":"Evolving simple programs for playing atari games","display_name":"Evolving simple programs for playing atari games","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807874935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205455.3205578","mag":"2807874935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3205455.3205578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205455.3205578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001743328","display_name":"Dennis G. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2414-0051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/004raaa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis G Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France","University of Toulouse  Toulouse France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toulouse  Toulouse France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011627812","display_name":"Sylvain Cussat\u2010Blanc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-1932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/004raaa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain Cussat-Blanc","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France","University of Toulouse  Toulouse France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toulouse  Toulouse France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070431284","display_name":"Herv\u00e9 Luga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8675-197X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/004raaa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herv\u00e9 Luga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France","University of Toulouse  Toulouse France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toulouse  Toulouse France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077881387","display_name":"Julian F. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-9655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian F Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, UK","University of York York UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York York UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7923,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77328149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"229","last_page":"236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.747408926486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.7023249268531799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6989747285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.63031005859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5513125658035278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5124745965003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5086899399757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.4863031804561615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.48143360018730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4437197744846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41002407670021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3308785855770111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1359550654888153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1189638078212738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.747408926486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.7023249268531799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6989747285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.63031005859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5513125658035278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5124745965003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5086899399757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.4863031804561615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48143360018730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4437197744846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41002407670021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3308785855770111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1359550654888153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1189638078212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3205455.3205578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205455.3205578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oatao.univ-toulouse.fr:22615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401987","display_name":"Open Archive Toulouse Archive Ouverte (University of Toulouse)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1806.05695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1806.05695","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05695","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2807874935","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03622977v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03622977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Genetic and Evolutionary Computation COnference (GECCO 2018), Jul 2018, Kyoto, Japan. pp.229-236","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1806.05695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.05695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oatao.univ-toulouse.fr:22615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401987","display_name":"Open Archive Toulouse Archive Ouverte (University of Toulouse)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G52474758","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse","funder_award_id":"ANR-11-IDEX-0002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7786692064","display_name":"Centre International de Math\u00e9matiques et d'Informatique (de Toulouse)","funder_award_id":"ANR-11-LABX-0040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182168230","https://openalex.org/W188595994","https://openalex.org/W1493267539","https://openalex.org/W1568232464","https://openalex.org/W1592181655","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W1775913388","https://openalex.org/W1968736628","https://openalex.org/W2021290977","https://openalex.org/W2069403261","https://openalex.org/W2099397840","https://openalex.org/W2111949939","https://openalex.org/W2135950684","https://openalex.org/W2141119792","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2154022540","https://openalex.org/W2155968351","https://openalex.org/W2159635464","https://openalex.org/W2173564293","https://openalex.org/W2201581102","https://openalex.org/W2292128556","https://openalex.org/W2604908377","https://openalex.org/W2724228633","https://openalex.org/W2735541500","https://openalex.org/W2754879180","https://openalex.org/W2964043796","https://openalex.org/W3011985620","https://openalex.org/W3103780890"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963773324","https://openalex.org/W2920362155","https://openalex.org/W3120223856","https://openalex.org/W2921578896","https://openalex.org/W2724228633","https://openalex.org/W3141949404","https://openalex.org/W2948937890","https://openalex.org/W2604908377","https://openalex.org/W2151210636","https://openalex.org/W2897077308","https://openalex.org/W3118210634","https://openalex.org/W2496004372","https://openalex.org/W3102143142","https://openalex.org/W2141304302","https://openalex.org/W2951657084","https://openalex.org/W2118705498","https://openalex.org/W2563424741","https://openalex.org/W2051832912","https://openalex.org/W2522489477","https://openalex.org/W2098119278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cartesian":[0],"Genetic":[1],"Programming":[2],"(CGP)":[3],"has":[4],"previously":[5],"shown":[6],"capabilities":[7],"in":[8],"image":[9,48],"processing":[10],"tasks":[11],"by":[12],"evolving":[13],"programs":[14,59,86],"with":[15,39,67],"a":[16,40],"function":[17,41],"set":[18,42,77],"specialized":[19],"for":[20,44,52,73],"computer":[21],"vision.":[22],"A":[23],"similar":[24],"approach":[25],"can":[26,96],"be":[27,97],"applied":[28],"to":[29,55],"Atari":[30,75],"playing.":[31],"Programs":[32],"are":[33,60,65],"evolved":[34,90],"using":[35],"mixed":[36],"type":[37],"CGP":[38],"suited":[43],"matrix":[45],"operations,":[46],"including":[47],"processing,":[49],"but":[50,93],"allowing":[51],"controller":[53],"behavior":[54],"emerge.":[56],"While":[57],"the":[58,70,74,85,88],"relatively":[61],"small,":[62],"many":[63],"controllers":[64],"competitive":[66],"state":[68],"of":[69,87],"art":[71],"methods":[72],"benchmark":[76],"and":[78],"require":[79],"less":[80],"training":[81],"time.":[82],"By":[83],"evaluating":[84],"best":[89],"individuals,":[91],"simple":[92],"effective":[94],"strategies":[95],"found.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}