{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2815275898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3199478.3199487","title":"A System Attack Surface Based MTD Effectiveness and Cost Quantification Framework","display_name":"A System Attack Surface Based MTD Effectiveness and Cost Quantification Framework","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2815275898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3199478.3199487","mag":"2815275898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3199478.3199487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3199478.3199487","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053740409","display_name":"Xinli Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9997-3747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinli Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100628449","display_name":"Guangsheng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-3523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangsheng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101515062","display_name":"Xian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5847-3300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112595","display_name":"Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02awe6g05","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112595","https://openalex.org/I98227222"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053740409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1975,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56483778,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"175","last_page":"179"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.7389079332351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6666038036346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.6451048254966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6167908906936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attack-surface","display_name":"Attack surface","score":0.5726882219314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.5104374289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.4936607778072357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.49228039383888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.45541951060295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.42556142807006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4026145935058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3519740104675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20219659805297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.11607828736305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08043277263641357}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.7389079332351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6666038036346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.6451048254966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6167908906936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776576444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q303569","display_name":"Attack surface","level":2,"score":0.5726882219314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.5104374289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.4936607778072357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.49228039383888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.45541951060295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42556142807006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4026145935058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3519740104675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20219659805297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.11607828736305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08043277263641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3199478.3199487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3199478.3199487","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584602698","https://openalex.org/W1634658367","https://openalex.org/W1987511287","https://openalex.org/W2211361389","https://openalex.org/W2494110282","https://openalex.org/W2521215244","https://openalex.org/W2537496976","https://openalex.org/W2564719372","https://openalex.org/W3098102491","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6635026852","https://openalex.org/W6723488408","https://openalex.org/W6785444229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154523322","https://openalex.org/W2083200807","https://openalex.org/W2121182846","https://openalex.org/W1603137082","https://openalex.org/W2364195017","https://openalex.org/W2355430452","https://openalex.org/W2049983405","https://openalex.org/W2392315374","https://openalex.org/W1951195060","https://openalex.org/W3155797402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Moving":[0],"Target":[1],"Defense":[2],"(MTD)":[3],"is":[4,86,111,148,161],"a":[5,78,90,105,208],"game-changing":[6],"method":[7,210],"to":[8,30,53,70,88,113,151,166,211],"thwart":[9,167],"adversaries":[10,168],"and":[11,32,40,50,56,100,116,124,135,171,198],"reverses":[12],"the":[13,63,142,149,157,163,213],"imbalance":[14],"situation":[15],"in":[16,97,132,169,187],"network":[17],"countermeasures.":[18],"Introducing":[19],"Attack":[20,80,98],"Surface":[21,81,99],"(AS)":[22],"into":[23],"MTD":[24,38,60,69,101],"security":[25],"assessment":[26],"brings":[27],"productive":[28],"concepts":[29],"qualitative":[31],"quantitative":[33],"analysis.":[34],"The":[35,200],"quantification":[36],"of":[37,65,154,173],"effectiveness":[39],"cost":[41],"(E&C)":[42],"has":[43],"been":[44],"under":[45,190],"researched,":[46],"using":[47],"simulation":[48,118],"models":[49],"emulation":[51],"testbeds,":[52],"give":[54],"accurate":[55],"reliable":[57],"results":[58,138],"for":[59,94],"technologies.":[61],"However,":[62],"lack":[64],"system-view":[66,91],"evaluation":[67],"impedes":[68],"move":[71],"toward":[72],"large-scale":[73],"applications.":[74],"In":[75],"this":[76],"paper,":[77],"System":[79],"Based":[82],"Quantification":[83],"Framework":[84],"(SASQF)":[85],"proposed":[87],"establish":[89],"based":[92,108,203],"framework":[93],"further":[95],"research":[96],"E&C":[102],"quantification.":[103],"And":[104],"simulated":[106,137,143,201],"model":[107,202],"on":[109,204],"SASQF":[110,205],"developed":[112],"provide":[114],"illustrations":[115],"software":[117],"methods.":[119],"A":[120],"typical":[121],"C/S":[122],"scenario":[123],"Cyber":[125],"Kill":[126],"Chain":[127],"(CKC)":[128],"attacks":[129],"are":[130,139],"presented":[131],"case":[133],"study":[134],"several":[136],"given.":[140],"From":[141],"results,":[144],"IP":[145,158,181,215],"mutation":[146,159,182,216],"frequency":[147,183,217],"key":[150],"increase":[152],"consumptions":[153],"adversaries,":[155],"while":[156],"pool":[160],"not":[162],"principal":[164],"factor":[165],"reconnaissance":[170],"delivery":[172],"CKC":[174],"steps.":[175],"For":[176],"system":[177],"user":[178],"operational":[179],"cost,":[180],"influence":[184],"legitimate":[185],"connections":[186],"relative":[188],"values":[189],"ideal":[191],"link":[192],"state":[193],"without":[194],"delay,":[195],"packet":[196],"lose":[197],"jitter.":[199],"also":[206],"provides":[207],"basic":[209],"find":[212],"optimal":[214],"through":[218],"simulations.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}