{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2884841230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3196321.3196367","title":"CoBOT","display_name":"CoBOT","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2884841230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3196321.3196367","mag":"2884841230"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3196321.3196367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3196321.3196367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Program Comprehension","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009455568","display_name":"Qing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-7736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076162002","display_name":"Sen Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0732-6292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029345489","display_name":"Sihao Shao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihao Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053058502","display_name":"Yulei Sui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-6574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulei Sui","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053518904","display_name":"Guoliang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0152-5100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoliang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University and CASIC_CQC Software Testing and Assessment Technology (Beijing) Corporation, Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University and CASIC_CQC Software Testing and Assessment Technology (Beijing) Corporation, Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060284222","display_name":"Luyao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4484-6804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luyao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101879539","display_name":"Xiao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-2227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070660077","display_name":"Fuyao Duan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuyao Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102263534","display_name":"Xiao Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101435571","display_name":"Shikun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8576-2674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shikun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045494336","display_name":"Xiang\u2010Long Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0754-5809"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianglong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASC Software Testing Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASC Software Testing Center","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"385","last_page":"388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8653019666671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.730109691619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.7011106610298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.6975045204162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.6642032861709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6308690309524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.6076067686080933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-program-analysis","display_name":"Static program analysis","score":0.6052252054214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.5963860750198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.48017850518226624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unreachable-code","display_name":"Unreachable code","score":0.4552343189716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-generation","display_name":"Code generation","score":0.4497353136539459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","score":0.43069934844970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-code","display_name":"Object code","score":0.39790964126586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3454582095146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.29993656277656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.2956005334854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.15157604217529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.12323528528213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.10195329785346985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8653019666671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.730109691619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.7011106610298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.6975045204162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.6642032861709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6308690309524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.6076067686080933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137287247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329550","display_name":"Static program analysis","level":4,"score":0.6052252054214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.5963860750198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48017850518226624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50951305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2482534","display_name":"Unreachable code","level":5,"score":0.4552343189716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133162039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061077","display_name":"Code generation","level":3,"score":0.4497353136539459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.43069934844970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154526789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157965","display_name":"Object code","level":4,"score":0.39790964126586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3454582095146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.29993656277656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2956005334854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.15157604217529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.12323528528213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.10195329785346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3196321.3196367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3196321.3196367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Program Comprehension","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206636664","https://openalex.org/W1578723138","https://openalex.org/W1972427803","https://openalex.org/W1982205631","https://openalex.org/W2023222549","https://openalex.org/W2078393527","https://openalex.org/W2080573945","https://openalex.org/W2275380684","https://openalex.org/W2297774820","https://openalex.org/W2547862110","https://openalex.org/W2735214320","https://openalex.org/W2765095667","https://openalex.org/W4240168218"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493727516","https://openalex.org/W4210653322","https://openalex.org/W2279984909","https://openalex.org/W1482854495","https://openalex.org/W116913286","https://openalex.org/W3013559043","https://openalex.org/W2402306436","https://openalex.org/W1277328974","https://openalex.org/W643157443","https://openalex.org/W2084499270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"obtain":[1],"precise":[2],"and":[3,66,110,122],"sound":[4],"results,":[5],"most":[6],"of":[7,25,48,91],"existing":[8],"static":[9,41,81],"analyzers":[10],"require":[11],"whole":[12],"program":[13],"analysis":[14,82],"with":[15,30,146],"complete":[16],"source":[17,23],"code.":[18,93,148],"However,":[19],"in":[20,73,88,99,140,143],"reality,":[21],"the":[22,89,112,119],"code":[24,101,115,121],"an":[26],"application":[27,100,120],"always":[28],"interacts":[29],"many":[31],"third-party":[32,62],"libraries,":[33,63],"which":[34],"are":[35],"often":[36],"not":[37,132],"easily":[38,55],"accessible":[39],"to":[40,57,135],"analyzers.":[42],"Worse":[43],"still,":[44],"more":[45],"than":[46],"30%":[47],"legacy":[49],"projects":[50],"[1]":[51],"cannot":[52],"be":[53],"compiled":[54],"due":[56],"complicated":[58],"configuration":[59,124],"environments":[60],"(e.g.,":[61],"compiler":[64],"options":[65],"macros),":[67],"making":[68],"ideal":[69],"\"whole-program":[70],"analysis\"":[71],"unavailable":[72,98],"practice.":[74],"This":[75],"paper":[76],"presents":[77],"CoBOT":[78,130],"[2],":[79],"a":[80],"tool":[83],"that":[84,129],"can":[85],"detect":[86],"bugs":[87,142],"presence":[90],"incomplete":[92,147],"It":[94],"analyzes":[95],"function":[96,105],"APIs":[97],"by":[102],"either":[103],"using":[104],"summarization":[106],"or":[107],"automatically":[108],"downloading":[109],"analyzing":[111],"corresponding":[113],"library":[114],"as":[116],"inferred":[117],"from":[118],"its":[123],"files.":[125],"The":[126],"experiments":[127],"show":[128],"is":[131,152],"only":[133],"easy":[134],"use,":[136],"but":[137],"also":[138],"effective":[139],"detecting":[141],"real-world":[144],"programs":[145],"Our":[149],"demonstration":[150],"video":[151],"at:":[153],"https://youtu.be/bhjJp3e7LPM.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2018-08-03T00:00:00"}
