{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963393202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183793","title":"Colored Fused Filament Fabrication","display_name":"Colored Fused Filament Fabrication","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963393202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183793","mag":"2963393202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01660621","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047135069","display_name":"Haichuan Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-836X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichuan Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059522475","display_name":"Jon\u00e0s Mart\u00ednez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8443-9624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon\u00e0s Mart\u00ednez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037962265","display_name":"Pierre Bedell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5553-8151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Bedell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009648869","display_name":"No\u00e9mie Vennin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"No\u00e9mie Vennin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080532150","display_name":"Sylvain Lef\u00e8bvre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9182-3146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain Lefebvre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.2059,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9855038,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"5","first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication","display_name":"Fabrication","score":0.6629433035850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colored","display_name":"Colored","score":0.6217930316925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5950745940208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fused-filament-fabrication","display_name":"Fused filament fabrication","score":0.5569519400596619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dither","display_name":"Dither","score":0.5521655082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightness","display_name":"Lightness","score":0.48029181361198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4719347655773163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-filament","display_name":"Protein filament","score":0.41904351115226746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.40615126490592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.3837658166885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.27302321791648865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.265488862991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13682594895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1364942491054535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.6629433035850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778307483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5149038","display_name":"Colored","level":2,"score":0.6217930316925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5950745940208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777510241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18349149","display_name":"Fused filament fabrication","level":3,"score":0.5569519400596619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70451592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376493","display_name":"Dither","level":3,"score":0.5521655082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193601281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19426","display_name":"Lightness","level":2,"score":0.48029181361198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4719347655773163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14228908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920483","display_name":"Protein filament","level":2,"score":0.41904351115226746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.40615126490592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.3837658166885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.27302321791648865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.265488862991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13682594895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1364942491054535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9083635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133535","display_name":"Noise shaping","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01660621v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01660621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics, 2019, 38 (5), pp.1-11. ⟨10.1145/3183793⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01660621v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01660621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics, 2019, 38 (5), pp.1-11. ⟨10.1145/3183793⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W575684422","https://openalex.org/W1500566749","https://openalex.org/W2027533473","https://openalex.org/W2033807754","https://openalex.org/W2035541108","https://openalex.org/W2112565951","https://openalex.org/W2153504150","https://openalex.org/W2155882699","https://openalex.org/W2165285514","https://openalex.org/W2169539576","https://openalex.org/W2170688532","https://openalex.org/W2347015060","https://openalex.org/W2519437202","https://openalex.org/W2611761853","https://openalex.org/W2736733649","https://openalex.org/W2770723990","https://openalex.org/W2798870703","https://openalex.org/W2810000000","https://openalex.org/W2811155286","https://openalex.org/W3025012811","https://openalex.org/W3037705443","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4293102818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3131012505","https://openalex.org/W2715590102","https://openalex.org/W4381185753","https://openalex.org/W2594995186","https://openalex.org/W131408546","https://openalex.org/W2965868192","https://openalex.org/W3134519703","https://openalex.org/W2119810118","https://openalex.org/W3150102498","https://openalex.org/W4224210794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fused":[0],"filament":[1,27,207],"fabrication":[2],"is":[3,16,103],"the":[4,17,101,132,135,139,148,161],"method":[5],"of":[6,42,52,73,77,121,134,150,152,163,166],"choice":[7,149],"for":[8,21,50,68,205],"printing":[9],"3D":[10,191],"models":[11],"at":[12,142],"low":[13],"cost":[14],"and":[15,24,56,159,193,202],"de":[18],"facto":[19],"standard":[20],"hobbyists,":[22],"makers,":[23],"schools.":[25],"Unfortunately,":[26],"printers":[28],"cannot":[29],"truly":[30],"reproduce":[31],"colored":[32,70],"objects.":[33],"The":[34],"best":[35],"current":[36],"techniques":[37],"rely":[38],"on":[39,60],"a":[40,65,93,119,125,143,175,186,190],"form":[41],"dithering":[43],"exploiting":[44],"occlusion,":[45],"which":[46],"was":[47],"only":[48],"demonstrated":[49],"shades":[51],"two":[53],"base":[54],"colors":[55,99,151],"behaves":[57],"differently":[58],"depending":[59],"surface":[61],"slope.":[62],"We":[63,105,113,169],"explore":[64],"novel":[66],"approach":[67],"3D-printing":[69],"objects,":[71],"capable":[72],"creating":[74],"controlled":[75],"gradients":[76],"varying":[78],"sharpness.":[79],"Our":[80],"technique":[81],"exploits":[82],"off-the-shelf":[83,181],"nozzles":[84],"that":[85],"are":[86],"designed":[87],"to":[88,109],"mix":[89,102],"multiple":[90],"filaments":[91],"in":[92],"small":[94],"melting":[95],"chamber,":[96],"obtaining":[97],"intermediate":[98],"once":[100],"stabilized.":[104],"apply":[106],"this":[107],"property":[108],"produce":[110,195],"color":[111,141,177,203],"gradients.":[112],"divide":[114],"each":[115,123,153],"input":[116,167],"layer":[117],"into":[118],"set":[120],"strata,":[122],"having":[124],"different":[126,164],"constant":[127],"color.":[128],"By":[129,146],"locally":[130],"changing":[131],"thickness":[133],"stratum,":[136,154],"we":[137,155],"change":[138],"perceived":[140],"given":[144],"location.":[145],"optimizing":[147],"further":[156],"improve":[157],"quality":[158],"allow":[160],"use":[162],"numbers":[165],"filaments.":[168],"demonstrate":[170],"our":[171,184],"results":[172],"by":[173],"building":[174],"functional":[176],"printer":[178],"using":[179,199],"low-cost,":[180],"components.":[182],"Using":[183],"tool,":[185],"user":[187],"can":[188],"paint":[189],"model":[192],"directly":[194],"its":[196],"physical":[197],"counterpart":[198],"any":[200],"material":[201],"available":[204],"fused":[206],"fabrication.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}