{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794466594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183584.3183617","title":"Neuromorphic data microscope","display_name":"Neuromorphic data microscope","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794466594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183584.3183617","mag":"2794466594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183584.3183617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183584.3183617","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3183584.3183617","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Neuromorphic Computing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3183584.3183617","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081479826","display_name":"David R. Follett","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David R. Follett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis Rhodes Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis Rhodes Laboratories","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045169801","display_name":"Duncan Townsend","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duncan Townsend","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis Rhodes Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis Rhodes Laboratories","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020581331","display_name":"Pamela L. Follett","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela L. Follett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis Rhodes Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis Rhodes Laboratories","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027361153","display_name":"Gabe D. Karpman","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabe D. Karpman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis Rhodes Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis Rhodes Laboratories","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073886524","display_name":"John H. Naegle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John H. Naegle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027512049","display_name":"Roger A. Suppona","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger A. Suppona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002624302","display_name":"James B. Aimone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-253X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James B. Aimone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063028481","display_name":"Conrad D. James","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-4244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conrad D. James","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081479826"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1461,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5575631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.9811931252479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7172952890396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/von-neumann-architecture","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","score":0.6327321529388428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.5902040600776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5461590886116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4602455496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.4560345411300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.43460845947265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4206179678440094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34671950340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.26732635498046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.16169089078903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12545540928840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09475120902061462}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.9811931252479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7172952890396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80469333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189088","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","level":2,"score":0.6327321529388428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.5902040600776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5461590886116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4602455496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.4560345411300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43460845947265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4206179678440094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34671950340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.26732635498046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16169089078903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12545540928840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09475120902061462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183584.3183617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183584.3183617","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3183584.3183617","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Neuromorphic Computing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1478335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1478335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183584.3183617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183584.3183617","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3183584.3183617","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Neuromorphic Computing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2209453243","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2214935549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","funder_display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G288067973","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2950341064","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA0003525.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3437464539","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA000352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4903105778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4947178736","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5211897158","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5339743583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G648530007","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA000352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","funder_display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8178004050","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"contract DE-NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8279418378","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","funder_display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G847302206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-NA0003525.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/03sk1we31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794466594.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794466594.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604973310","https://openalex.org/W1890831659","https://openalex.org/W1994133441","https://openalex.org/W1995341919","https://openalex.org/W2062949766","https://openalex.org/W2068982427","https://openalex.org/W2077179161","https://openalex.org/W2080531309","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2101606792","https://openalex.org/W2103212315","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2146972564","https://openalex.org/W2554279936","https://openalex.org/W2582999260","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2962752743","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4312702277"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2549656885","https://openalex.org/W4306160710","https://openalex.org/W4387251031","https://openalex.org/W4293576507","https://openalex.org/W2889153502","https://openalex.org/W2504678134","https://openalex.org/W4225977302","https://openalex.org/W4294536866","https://openalex.org/W3128096732","https://openalex.org/W4385224602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"2016,":[1],"Lewis":[2],"Rhodes":[3],"Labs,":[4],"(LRL),":[5],"shipped":[6],"the":[7,29,33,70,77,81,104,119],"first":[8,105],"commercially":[9],"viable":[10],"Neuromorphic":[11,18,100],"Processing":[12],"Unit,":[13],"(NPU),":[14],"branded":[15],"as":[16],"a":[17,55,107],"Data":[19,101],"Microscope":[20,102],"(NDM).":[21],"This":[22],"product":[23,49],"leverages":[24],"architectural":[25],"mechanisms":[26],"derived":[27],"from":[28],"sensory":[30],"cortex":[31],"of":[32,80,106,110,123],"human":[34],"brain":[35],"to":[36,67,74,91],"efficiently":[37],"implement":[38],"pattern":[39],"matching.":[40],"LRL":[41],"and":[42,53,121],"Sandia":[43],"National":[44],"Labs":[45],"have":[46],"optimized":[47],"this":[48],"for":[50],"streaming":[51],"analytics,":[52],"demonstrated":[54],"1,000x":[56],"power":[57],"per":[58],"operation":[59],"reduction":[60],"in":[61,94],"an":[62,68],"FPGA":[63],"format.":[64],"When":[65],"reduced":[66],"ASIC,":[69],"efficiency":[71],"will":[72,116],"improve":[73],"1,000,000x.":[75],"Additionally,":[76],"neuromorphic":[78],"nature":[79],"device":[82],"gives":[83],"it":[84],"powerful":[85],"computational":[86],"attributes":[87],"that":[88,115],"are":[89],"counterintuitive":[90],"those":[92],"schooled":[93],"traditional":[95],"von":[96],"Neumann":[97],"architectures.":[98],"The":[99],"is":[103],"broad":[108],"class":[109],"brain-inspired,":[111],"time":[112],"domain":[113],"processors":[114],"profoundly":[117],"alter":[118],"functionality":[120],"economics":[122],"data":[124],"processing.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
