{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2808072655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183519.3183533","title":"Improving model-based testing in automotive software engineering","display_name":"Improving model-based testing in automotive software engineering","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2808072655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183519.3183533","mag":"2808072655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183519.3183533","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183519.3183533","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077183720","display_name":"Stefan Kriebel","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Kriebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Electric Drive, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Electric Drive, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076728044","display_name":"Matthias Markthaler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3672-8426"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Markthaler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Electric Drive, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Electric Drive, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046341072","display_name":"Karin Samira Salman","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karin Samira Salman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Electric Drive, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Electric Drive, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003880565","display_name":"Timo Greifenberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Greifenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen University, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081961333","display_name":"Steffen Hillemacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6819-9031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen Hillemacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen University, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037823412","display_name":"Bernhard Rumpe\u22c6","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2147-1966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Rumpe","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen University, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062627716","display_name":"Christoph Schulze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2637-8178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Schulze","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen University, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052537841","display_name":"Andreas Wortmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-253X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Wortmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen University, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053247798","display_name":"Philipp Orth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125406","display_name":"FEV (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/02xyqwh78","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125406"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Orth","raw_affiliation_strings":["FEV Europe GmbH, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FEV Europe GmbH, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125406"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065739521","display_name":"Johannes Richenhagen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125406","display_name":"FEV (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/02xyqwh78","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125406"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Richenhagen","raw_affiliation_strings":["FEV Europe GmbH, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FEV Europe GmbH, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125406"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077183720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8931,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95951092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"172","last_page":"180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.6329386234283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5803796648979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-based-testing","display_name":"Model-based testing","score":0.5554314851760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5098547339439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-management-approach","display_name":"Test Management Approach","score":0.4882347881793976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-strategy","display_name":"Test strategy","score":0.47393089532852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assurance","display_name":"Quality assurance","score":0.4693359434604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.45510992407798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manual-testing","display_name":"Manual testing","score":0.4436444342136383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.4266512095928192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.42527931928634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-reliability-testing","display_name":"Software reliability testing","score":0.41883689165115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.41400134563446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.40297338366508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.3487601578235626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.2931307554244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2822751998901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09783491492271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09408590197563171}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.6329386234283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5803796648979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165825675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399743","display_name":"Model-based testing","level":4,"score":0.5554314851760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5098547339439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7435765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705776","display_name":"Test Management Approach","level":5,"score":0.4882347881793976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188598960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705805","display_name":"Test strategy","level":3,"score":0.47393089532852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.4693359434604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45510992407798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182122060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6752328","display_name":"Manual testing","level":5,"score":0.4436444342136383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.4266512095928192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.42527931928634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52928878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554226","display_name":"Software reliability testing","level":5,"score":0.41883689165115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.41400134563446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.40297338366508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.3487601578235626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.2931307554244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2822751998901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09783491492271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09408590197563171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778618615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008393","display_name":"External quality assessment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3183519.3183533","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3183519.3183533","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:753370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/753370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401033","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"New York, NY : ACM 172-180 (2018). doi:10.1145/3183519.3183533","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480909796","https://openalex.org/W1566023863","https://openalex.org/W1590462283","https://openalex.org/W1597941103","https://openalex.org/W1608087281","https://openalex.org/W1996439708","https://openalex.org/W1999793044","https://openalex.org/W2000665666","https://openalex.org/W2013546401","https://openalex.org/W2027761497","https://openalex.org/W2046309750","https://openalex.org/W2057154929","https://openalex.org/W2066303853","https://openalex.org/W2076422527","https://openalex.org/W2091650560","https://openalex.org/W2094489875","https://openalex.org/W2130422196","https://openalex.org/W2150189917","https://openalex.org/W2165203881","https://openalex.org/W2273885937","https://openalex.org/W2320062858","https://openalex.org/W2506259383","https://openalex.org/W2569568293","https://openalex.org/W2612968551","https://openalex.org/W2621104980","https://openalex.org/W2963835267","https://openalex.org/W3102268828","https://openalex.org/W4247064801"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3133844515","https://openalex.org/W2968994491","https://openalex.org/W186259066","https://openalex.org/W2147394043","https://openalex.org/W2513279291","https://openalex.org/W2154959594","https://openalex.org/W632606703","https://openalex.org/W2187840912","https://openalex.org/W4206951825","https://openalex.org/W1992311253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Testing":[0],"is":[1,19],"crucial":[2],"to":[3],"successfully":[4],"engineering":[5],"reliable":[6],"automotive":[7,108],"software.":[8,109],"The":[9,75],"manual":[10],"derivation":[11,30,54,80],"of":[12,71,88,93],"test":[13,28,40,52,78],"cases":[14,41],"from":[15,38],"ambiguous":[16],"textual":[17],"requirements":[18,34],"costly":[20],"and":[21,66],"error-prone.":[22],"Model-based":[23],"development":[24],"can":[25,42,103],"reduce":[26],"the":[27,50,72,94],"case":[29,53,79],"effort":[31],"by":[32],"capturing":[33],"in":[35],"structured":[36],"models":[37],"which":[39,90],"be":[43],"generated":[44],"with":[45,85],"reduced":[46],"effort.":[47],"To":[48],"facilitate":[49,104],"automated":[51,86],"at":[55],"BMW,":[56],"we":[57],"conducted":[58],"an":[59],"anonymous":[60],"survey":[61],"among":[62],"its":[63],"testing":[64,73],"practitioners":[65],"conceived":[67],"a":[68],"model-based":[69,77],"improvement":[70],"activities.":[74],"new":[76],"extends":[81],"BMW's":[82],"SMArDT":[83],"method":[84],"generation":[87],"tests,":[89],"addresses":[91],"many":[92],"practitioners'":[95],"challenges":[96],"uncovered":[97],"through":[98],"our":[99],"study.":[100],"This":[101],"ultimately":[102],"quality":[105],"assurance":[106],"for":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}