{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2795354477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180226","title":"RFC-directed differential testing of certificate validation in SSL/TLS implementations","display_name":"RFC-directed differential testing of certificate validation in SSL/TLS implementations","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2795354477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180226","mag":"2795354477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3180155.3180226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180226","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741515","display_name":"Chu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-5722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003990194","display_name":"Cong Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-4580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071051896","display_name":"Zhenhua Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3119-3242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064078067","display_name":"Liang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-1311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90735913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"859","last_page":"870"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8134282231330872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-layer-security","display_name":"Transport Layer Security","score":0.801297664642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate","display_name":"Certificate","score":0.6902569532394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5110646486282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","score":0.4381892681121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.33675479888916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2553982734680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.24621939659118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.18392634391784668}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8134282231330872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148176105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206494","display_name":"Transport Layer Security","level":3,"score":0.801297664642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.6902569532394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5110646486282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.4381892681121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.33675479888916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2553982734680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.24621939659118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.18392634391784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3180155.3180226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180226","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157156687","https://openalex.org/W273072278","https://openalex.org/W1490038304","https://openalex.org/W1548806133","https://openalex.org/W1710734607","https://openalex.org/W1744779065","https://openalex.org/W1758578440","https://openalex.org/W1761495431","https://openalex.org/W1779735989","https://openalex.org/W1846543051","https://openalex.org/W1920390248","https://openalex.org/W1926951188","https://openalex.org/W1965194038","https://openalex.org/W1976919795","https://openalex.org/W1988524530","https://openalex.org/W2006599089","https://openalex.org/W2042033151","https://openalex.org/W2045676119","https://openalex.org/W2054426341","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2097305086","https://openalex.org/W2098456636","https://openalex.org/W2098681203","https://openalex.org/W2100180638","https://openalex.org/W2102570111","https://openalex.org/W2107709519","https://openalex.org/W2116876232","https://openalex.org/W2119251836","https://openalex.org/W2124621264","https://openalex.org/W2137530017","https://openalex.org/W2145994642","https://openalex.org/W2150990339","https://openalex.org/W2159933174","https://openalex.org/W2162120832","https://openalex.org/W2165413178","https://openalex.org/W2232962023","https://openalex.org/W2236904012","https://openalex.org/W2238866705","https://openalex.org/W2246483486","https://openalex.org/W2247093032","https://openalex.org/W2261520118","https://openalex.org/W2261582285","https://openalex.org/W2266218113","https://openalex.org/W2274779708","https://openalex.org/W2276785727","https://openalex.org/W2296886798","https://openalex.org/W2300496220","https://openalex.org/W2302114600","https://openalex.org/W2326149882","https://openalex.org/W2472975867","https://openalex.org/W2484116259","https://openalex.org/W2493347250","https://openalex.org/W2515197007","https://openalex.org/W2515650212","https://openalex.org/W2526826069","https://openalex.org/W2618884960","https://openalex.org/W2725037037","https://openalex.org/W2984665416","https://openalex.org/W3160978791","https://openalex.org/W4210531213","https://openalex.org/W4211072556","https://openalex.org/W4213190682","https://openalex.org/W4214542310","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4238083723","https://openalex.org/W4253606798","https://openalex.org/W4298051233","https://openalex.org/W6906355099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120447654","https://openalex.org/W2977179488","https://openalex.org/W2144453115","https://openalex.org/W2128223750","https://openalex.org/W4238532390","https://openalex.org/W2188872161","https://openalex.org/W2961779879","https://openalex.org/W797688974","https://openalex.org/W2002978035","https://openalex.org/W1847785363"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Certificate":[0],"validation":[1,25],"in":[2,26,89,171],"Secure":[3],"Socket":[4],"Layer":[5,8],"or":[6,98],"Transport":[7],"Security":[9],"protocol":[10],"(SSL/TLS)":[11],"is":[12,19,28,42,141,169],"critical":[13],"to":[14,21,94,119,143],"Internet":[15],"security.":[16],"Thus,":[17],"it":[18],"significant":[20],"check":[22],"whether":[23],"certificate":[24,87],"SSL/TLS":[27,90,175],"correctly":[29],"implemented.":[30],"With":[31],"this":[32],"motivation,":[33],"we":[34],"propose":[35],"a":[36],"novel":[37],"differential":[38,137,148],"testing":[39,138,145,149],"approach":[40,101,168],"which":[41],"directed":[43],"by":[44],"the":[45,81,105,126,133,154,167],"standard":[46],"Request":[47],"For":[48],"Comments":[49],"(RFC).":[50],"First,":[51],"rules":[52],"of":[53,110,122,135,157,174],"certificates":[54,83,109],"are":[55,64,76,92,112,116],"extracted":[56],"automatically":[57],"from":[58],"RFCs.":[59],"Second,":[60],"low-level":[61],"test":[62,72,85],"cases":[63],"generated":[65],"through":[66],"dynamic":[67],"symbolic":[68],"execution.":[69],"Third,":[70],"high-level":[71],"cases,":[73,86],"i.e.":[74],"certificates,":[75,128],"assembled":[77,82,117],"automatically.":[78],"Finally,":[79],"with":[80,125],"being":[84],"validations":[88],"implementations":[91],"tested":[93],"reveal":[95],"latent":[96],"vulnerabilities":[97],"bugs.":[99],"Our":[100],"named":[102],"RFCcert":[103,111,129,158],"has":[104,159],"following":[106],"advantages:":[107],"(1)":[108],"discrepancy-targeted":[113],"since":[114],"they":[115],"according":[118],"standards":[120],"instead":[121],"genetics;":[123],"(2)":[124],"obtained":[127],"not":[130],"only":[131],"reveals":[132],"invalidity":[134],"traditional":[136,147],"but":[139],"also":[140],"able":[142],"conduct":[144],"that":[146,166],"cannot":[150],"do;":[151],"and":[152,162],"(3)":[153],"supporting":[155],"tool":[156],"been":[160],"implemented":[161],"extensive":[163],"experiments":[164],"show":[165],"effective":[170],"finding":[172],"bugs":[173],"implementations.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}