{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794967409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180208","title":"Almost there","display_name":"Almost there","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794967409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180208","mag":"2794967409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3180155.3180208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180208","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051186886","display_name":"Igor Steinmacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0612-5790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Igor Steinmacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Technology, Paran\u00e1, Campo Mour\u00e3o, PR and Northern Arizona University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Technology, Paran\u00e1, Campo Mour\u00e3o, PR and Northern Arizona University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016508154","display_name":"Gustavo Pinto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7598-2799"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo Pinto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, PA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060903936","display_name":"Igor Wiese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-5570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283613182","display_name":"Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/002v2kq79","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Scaliante Wiese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Technology, Paran\u00e1, Campo Mour\u00e3o, PR"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Technology, Paran\u00e1, Campo Mour\u00e3o, PR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007593721","display_name":"Marco Aur\u00e9lio Gerosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-7535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco A. Gerosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Arizona University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Arizona University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051186886"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.8678,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9907924,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"256","last_page":"266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workforce","display_name":"Workforce","score":0.7362573146820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.47040826082229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4325818121433258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4162677526473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.39457792043685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.38694441318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3692704439163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2526983618736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09825912117958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0758308470249176}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.7362573146820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.47040826082229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4325818121433258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4162677526473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.39457792043685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.38694441318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3692704439163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2526983618736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09825912117958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0758308470249176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3180155.3180208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180208","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488077794","https://openalex.org/W1592081868","https://openalex.org/W1595108726","https://openalex.org/W1914969610","https://openalex.org/W1970589113","https://openalex.org/W1970859802","https://openalex.org/W1975782063","https://openalex.org/W1989862714","https://openalex.org/W1992105838","https://openalex.org/W2007210734","https://openalex.org/W2012720140","https://openalex.org/W2044679885","https://openalex.org/W2054288159","https://openalex.org/W2058306311","https://openalex.org/W2066045860","https://openalex.org/W2088538155","https://openalex.org/W2097606004","https://openalex.org/W2107564263","https://openalex.org/W2136421959","https://openalex.org/W2139092060","https://openalex.org/W2142958724","https://openalex.org/W2144160189","https://openalex.org/W2145890718","https://openalex.org/W2153529786","https://openalex.org/W2153815796","https://openalex.org/W2155223492","https://openalex.org/W2163592454","https://openalex.org/W2163851162","https://openalex.org/W2168248828","https://openalex.org/W2169090130","https://openalex.org/W2288177242","https://openalex.org/W2344103814","https://openalex.org/W2394834103","https://openalex.org/W2395791174","https://openalex.org/W2440056063","https://openalex.org/W2573630949","https://openalex.org/W2735173242","https://openalex.org/W2906151105","https://openalex.org/W3101741091","https://openalex.org/W3103506234","https://openalex.org/W3124560715","https://openalex.org/W4250233697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4308258967","https://openalex.org/W1962711591","https://openalex.org/W2803396544","https://openalex.org/W24250002","https://openalex.org/W2495360771","https://openalex.org/W1591794021","https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W2018871932","https://openalex.org/W1575461229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"studies":[1],"suggest":[2],"that":[3,100],"well-known":[4],"OSS":[5,49,212],"projects":[6],"struggle":[7],"to":[8,13,21,47,81,181,202],"find":[9],"the":[10,95,118,126,132,149,182,185,194],"needed":[11],"workforce":[12],"continue":[14],"evolving---in":[15],"part":[16],"because":[17],"external":[18],"developers":[19,37,119],"fail":[20],"overcome":[22],"their":[23,44,69,83],"first":[24],"contribution":[25],"barriers.":[26],"In":[27,71,105],"this":[28,174],"paper,":[29],"we":[30,56,73,108],"investigate":[31],"how":[32],"and":[33,67,78,128,155,159,187,209],"why":[34],"quasi-contributors":[35,90,111],"(external":[36],"who":[38,120],"did":[39],"not":[40],"succeed":[41],"in":[42,205,211],"getting":[43],"contributions":[45],"accepted":[46],"an":[48],"project)":[50],"fail.":[51],"To":[52],"achieve":[53],"our":[54,122],"goal,":[55],"collected":[57],"data":[58],"from":[59,138,148,193],"21":[60],"popular,":[61],"non-trivial":[62],"GitHub":[63],"projects,":[64,107],"identified":[65],"quasi-contributors,":[66,77],"analyzed":[68],"pull-requests.":[70,104],"addition,":[72],"conducted":[74],"surveys":[75],"with":[76,125,173,184],"projects'":[79],"integrators,":[80],"understand":[82],"perceptions":[84],"about":[85,92],"nonacceptance.":[86],"We":[87,176],"found":[88,109,178],"10,099":[89],"---":[91,99],"70%":[93],"of":[94,117,165,169,189],"total":[96],"actual":[97,113],"contributors":[98],"submitted":[101],"12,367":[102],"nonaccepted":[103],"five":[106],"more":[110],"than":[112],"contributors.":[114],"About":[115],"one-third":[116],"took":[121],"survey":[123],"disagreed":[124],"nonacceptance,":[127],"around":[129],"30%":[130],"declared":[131],"nonacceptance":[133,147],"demotivated":[134],"or":[135,191],"prevented":[136],"them":[137],"placing":[139],"another":[140],"pull-request.":[141],"The":[142],"main":[143],"reasons":[144,179],"for":[145],"pull-request":[146],"quasi-contributors'":[150],"perspective":[151],"were":[152],"\"superseded/duplicated":[153],"pull-request\"":[154],"\"mismatch":[156],"between":[157],"developer's":[158],"team's":[160],"vision/opinion.\"":[161],"A":[162],"manual":[163],"analysis":[164],"a":[166],"representative":[167],"sample":[168],"263":[170],"pull-requests":[171],"corroborated":[172],"finding.":[175],"also":[177],"related":[180],"relationship":[183],"community":[186],"lack":[188],"experience":[190],"commitment":[192],"quasi-contributors.":[195],"This":[196],"empirical":[197],"study":[198],"is":[199],"particularly":[200],"relevant":[201],"those":[203],"interested":[204],"fostering":[206],"developers'":[207],"participation":[208],"retention":[210],"communities.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2018-04-06T00:00:00"}
