{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2797192977","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186173","title":"Unveiling a Socio-Economic System in a Virtual World","display_name":"Unveiling a Socio-Economic System in a Virtual World","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2797192977","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186173","mag":"2797192977"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3178876.3186173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186173","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '18","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186173","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051424556","display_name":"Selin Chun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4304-9018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Selin Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085351252","display_name":"Deajin Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deajin Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012872041","display_name":"Jinyoung Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-2791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyoung Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091602017","display_name":"Huy Kang Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-8807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huy Kang Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076713179","display_name":"Taekyoung Kwon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7795-0077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taekyoung Kwon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051424556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5743,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93435196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1929","last_page":"1938"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9635000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6275841593742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-economy","display_name":"Virtual economy","score":0.5971764326095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5244948267936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"Social class","score":0.47191789746284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-class","display_name":"Upper class","score":0.4610106348991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3210505545139313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26681822538375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2529284358024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1340509057044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-economy","display_name":"Market economy","score":0.11789461970329285}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6275841593742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142039048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379139","display_name":"Virtual economy","level":2,"score":0.5971764326095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5244948267936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.47191789746284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155605","display_name":"Upper class","level":2,"score":0.4610106348991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3210505545139313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26681822538375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2529284358024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1340509057044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.11789461970329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3178876.3186173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186173","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '18","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3178876.3186173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186173","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '18","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1105463873","https://openalex.org/W1632356912","https://openalex.org/W1964908178","https://openalex.org/W1974632830","https://openalex.org/W1995369415","https://openalex.org/W1997301790","https://openalex.org/W1998668407","https://openalex.org/W1999079690","https://openalex.org/W2006919311","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2022486685","https://openalex.org/W2023103153","https://openalex.org/W2056548017","https://openalex.org/W2062191444","https://openalex.org/W2080422783","https://openalex.org/W2100347558","https://openalex.org/W2113952909","https://openalex.org/W2117240285","https://openalex.org/W2127471749","https://openalex.org/W2131719610","https://openalex.org/W2148606196","https://openalex.org/W2149828334","https://openalex.org/W2155022902","https://openalex.org/W2294731017","https://openalex.org/W2548381605","https://openalex.org/W2576320326","https://openalex.org/W2591843269","https://openalex.org/W2741355817","https://openalex.org/W3125059139","https://openalex.org/W3144789060","https://openalex.org/W3204029142","https://openalex.org/W4236706032","https://openalex.org/W4251538073","https://openalex.org/W4254557379","https://openalex.org/W4256010639"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072165137","https://openalex.org/W2032202082","https://openalex.org/W1505454137","https://openalex.org/W4378388900","https://openalex.org/W3129111176","https://openalex.org/W163979149","https://openalex.org/W2255567931","https://openalex.org/W4388382267","https://openalex.org/W4307131933","https://openalex.org/W2125173292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"socio-economic":[1,30],"systems":[2],"in":[3,14,73,92,108,236],"MMORPGs":[4],"can":[5],"provide":[6],"an":[7,33,203],"important":[8],"implication":[9],"on":[10,113],"how":[11,18,58,171],"people":[12,19],"participate":[13],"the":[15,29,43,83,114,126,179,195,226,231,237],"economy":[16,91],"and":[17,49,66,128],"interact":[20,188],"with":[21,63,82,137,145,166,189,194,230],"each":[22],"other.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"paper,":[26],"we":[27,56,169],"model":[28],"system":[31],"of":[32,46,101,122,221],"Aion,":[34],"a":[35,39,74,98,105,119],"popular":[36],"MMORPG,":[37],"as":[38],"multi-layer":[40],"graph.":[41],"Using":[42],"dataset":[44],"consisting":[45],"94,870":[47],"users":[48,116,158,173,233],"their":[50],"activity":[51],"records":[52],"spanning":[53],"three":[54],"months,":[55],"examine":[57],"economic":[59],"activities":[60],"are":[61,79,154,175,192,228],"associated":[62,193,229],"social":[64,69,135,147],"interactions,":[65],"find":[67,88],"that":[68,89,118,152,206,217],"interactions":[70,136],"like":[71],"participating":[72],"party":[75],"or":[76,139,186],"exchanging":[77,211],"messages":[78],"highly":[80],"correlated":[81],"trade":[84,227],"activities.":[85],"We":[86,149,215],"also":[87,150],"virtual":[90,109],"Aion":[93],"is":[94],"heavily":[95],"inclined":[96],"to":[97,130],"small":[99],"number":[100],"upper-class":[102,115,157,172,232],"userswho":[103],"play":[104,141,178],"crucial":[106],"role":[107],"economy.":[110],"Our":[111],"analysis":[112],"reveals":[117],"significant":[120],"portion":[121],"them":[123],"reach":[124],"at":[125,176],"max-level":[127],"tend":[129],"either":[131],"(i)":[132],"have":[133],"many":[134],"others":[138],"(ii)":[140],"extremely":[142,181],"much":[143,161,182],"time":[144],"no":[146],"activity.":[148],"reveal":[151,216],"there":[153],"some":[155],"low-level":[156],"who":[159,174,234],"gain":[160],"money":[162,209,223],"but":[163],"hardly":[164],"socialize":[165],"others.":[167],"Lastly,":[168],"show":[170],"low-levels,":[177],"game":[180],"more":[183,218],"than":[184,219],"others,":[185],"rarely":[187],"other":[190],"users,":[191],"Real":[196],"Money":[197],"Trade":[198],"(RMT),":[199],"which":[200],"may":[201],"be":[202],"illegal":[204],"behavior":[205],"gathers":[207],"in-game":[208],"for":[210],"into":[212],"real-world":[213],"money.":[214],"half":[220],"total":[222],"exchanged":[224],"through":[225],"involve":[235],"RMT.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}