{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2791099280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3176258.3176338","title":"An Empirical Study on Online Price Differentiation","display_name":"An Empirical Study on Online Price Differentiation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2791099280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3176258.3176338","mag":"2791099280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3176258.3176338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3176258.3176338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eighth ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002527755","display_name":"Thomas Hupperich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4981-9522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Hupperich","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090598694","display_name":"Dennis Tatang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Tatang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059421844","display_name":"Nicolai Wilkop","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolai Wilkop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056790702","display_name":"Thorsten Holz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-1264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thorsten Holz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002527755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5786,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9255473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"76","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.656218409538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.533056378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-discrimination","display_name":"Price discrimination","score":0.45253828167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-differentiation","display_name":"Product differentiation","score":0.4151875972747803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.26423561573028564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.19332030415534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.12249666452407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.10326242446899414}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.656218409538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.533056378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101472132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835678","display_name":"Price discrimination","level":2,"score":0.45253828167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33556415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200129","display_name":"Product differentiation","level":3,"score":0.4151875972747803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.26423561573028564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.19332030415534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12249666452407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.10326242446899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16520705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601799","display_name":"Cournot competition","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3176258.3176338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3176258.3176338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eighth ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/bcef36dd-b36e-4cdb-b3f8-042ed7832750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/bcef36dd-b36e-4cdb-b3f8-042ed7832750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hupperich, T, Wilkop, N, Tatang, D & Holz, T 2018, An empirical study on online price differentiation. in CODASPY 2018 - Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 76-83, 8th ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy, CODASPY 2018, Tempe, Texas, United States, 19/03/18. https://doi.org/10.1145/3176258.3176338","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/bcef36dd-b36e-4cdb-b3f8-042ed7832750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050410322&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57737232","https://openalex.org/W1525967479","https://openalex.org/W1648303880","https://openalex.org/W1966175380","https://openalex.org/W1974758710","https://openalex.org/W2016944307","https://openalex.org/W2045645172","https://openalex.org/W2045726900","https://openalex.org/W2062548491","https://openalex.org/W2074261689","https://openalex.org/W2079973150","https://openalex.org/W2132248112","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2161392727","https://openalex.org/W2197053955","https://openalex.org/W2292805798","https://openalex.org/W2294481702","https://openalex.org/W2340135383","https://openalex.org/W2406834167","https://openalex.org/W2521340632","https://openalex.org/W2742620100","https://openalex.org/W3125922930","https://openalex.org/W4241727697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053007532","https://openalex.org/W2783997873","https://openalex.org/W3121826351","https://openalex.org/W3121601799","https://openalex.org/W2582883903","https://openalex.org/W3123095706","https://openalex.org/W3124437513","https://openalex.org/W2152826112","https://openalex.org/W3174150632","https://openalex.org/W3020649446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Price":[0],"differentiation":[1,32,139,189],"describes":[2],"a":[3,16,45,92,197,202],"marketing":[4],"strategy":[5],"to":[6,72,94,127,171,186],"determine":[7],"the":[8,13,104,118],"price":[9,31,138,151,168,188],"of":[10,15,29,120,137,154,196],"goods":[11],"on":[12,44,117,141],"basis":[14],"potential":[17,81],"customer's":[18],"attributes":[19,101],"like":[20],"location,":[21,176],"financial":[22],"status,":[23],"possessions,":[24],"or":[25,108,179],"behavior.":[26],"Several":[27],"cases":[28,190],"online":[30,51,77,123],"have":[33],"been":[34],"revealed":[35],"in":[36],"recent":[37],"years.":[38],"For":[39],"example,":[40],"different":[41,172],"pricing":[42,121],"based":[43,140],"user's":[46],"location":[47],"was":[48],"discovered":[49],"for":[50,62,68,83,167],"office":[52],"supply":[53],"chain":[54],"stores":[55],"and":[56,125,130,147,165,191],"there":[57],"were":[58],"indications":[59],"that":[60,199],"offers":[61],"hotel":[63],"rooms":[64],"are":[65,88],"priced":[66],"higher":[67],"Apple":[69],"users":[70,74],"compared":[71],"Windows":[73],"at":[75,122],"certain":[76],"booking":[78],"websites.":[79],"One":[80],"source":[82,105],"&":[84],"relevant":[85],"distinctive":[86],"features":[87,173,195],"system":[89,109,143,163,183,198],"fingerprints,":[90,164],"i.e.,":[91],"technique":[93],"recognize":[95],"users'":[96],"systems":[97],"by":[98],"identifying":[99],"unique":[100],"such":[102,132],"as":[103,157],"IP":[106],"address":[107],"configuration.":[110],"In":[111],"this":[112],"paper,":[113],"we":[114],"shed":[115],"light":[116],"ecosystem":[119],"platforms":[124],"aim":[126],"detect":[128],"if":[129],"how":[131],"platform":[133],"providers":[134],"make":[135],"use":[136],"digital":[142],"fingerprints.":[144],"We":[145],"designed":[146],"implemented":[148],"an":[149,158],"automated":[150],"scanner":[152],"capable":[153],"disguising":[155],"itself":[156],"arbitrary":[159],"system,":[160],"leveraging":[161],"real-world":[162],"searched":[166],"differences":[169],"related":[170],"(e.g.,":[174],"user":[175],"language":[177],"setting,":[178],"operating":[180],"system).":[181],"This":[182],"allows":[184],"us":[185],"explore":[187],"identify":[192],"those":[193],"characteristic":[194],"may":[200],"influence":[201],"product's":[203],"price.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-15T09:29:46.208133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}