{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4233331806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174143","title":"Printed Paper Actuator","display_name":"Printed Paper Actuator","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4233331806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173574.3174143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174143","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017439867","display_name":"Guanyun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-1504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guanyun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011017276","display_name":"Tingyu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2398-2348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingyu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049871944","display_name":"Youngwook Do","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5403-0828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngwook Do","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089619893","display_name":"Humphrey Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-0972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Humphrey Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058826825","display_name":"Ye Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9152-7793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University&Carnegie Mellon University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University&Carnegie Mellon University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062660056","display_name":"Jianzhe Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0986-0571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhe Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Computer Interaction, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Computer Interaction, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101725557","display_name":"Byoungkwon An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1824-7688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byoungkwon An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052051114","display_name":"Lining Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8842-2317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lining Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017439867"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":108,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95093925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11737","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Mechanics","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.7903148531913757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fused-deposition-modeling","display_name":"Fused deposition modeling","score":0.6439833045005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.5681710839271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5589004755020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fused-filament-fabrication","display_name":"Fused filament fabrication","score":0.53202885389328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductor","display_name":"Electrical conductor","score":0.5188916325569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication","display_name":"Fabrication","score":0.5019381046295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joule-heating","display_name":"Joule heating","score":0.4904007911682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.4466026723384857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.434480756521225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.41211560368537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2726304531097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24037334322929382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19362711906433105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.7903148531913757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780329122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18349149","display_name":"Fused deposition modeling","level":3,"score":0.6439833045005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.5681710839271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5589004755020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777510241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18349149","display_name":"Fused filament fabrication","level":3,"score":0.53202885389328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202374169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124291","display_name":"Electrical conductor","level":2,"score":0.5188916325569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.5019381046295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117926987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210009","display_name":"Joule heating","level":2,"score":0.4904007911682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4466026723384857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.434480756521225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.41211560368537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2726304531097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24037334322929382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19362711906433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173574.3174143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174143","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W222842672","https://openalex.org/W1967677915","https://openalex.org/W1971964491","https://openalex.org/W1980037722","https://openalex.org/W1984631936","https://openalex.org/W2012299141","https://openalex.org/W2014247633","https://openalex.org/W2018196886","https://openalex.org/W2020169247","https://openalex.org/W2048912286","https://openalex.org/W2053915132","https://openalex.org/W2058619241","https://openalex.org/W2096209953","https://openalex.org/W2102712675","https://openalex.org/W2103072279","https://openalex.org/W2107072550","https://openalex.org/W2108854843","https://openalex.org/W2123741193","https://openalex.org/W2134690872","https://openalex.org/W2139303364","https://openalex.org/W2148982166","https://openalex.org/W2149125842","https://openalex.org/W2149507584","https://openalex.org/W2150549828","https://openalex.org/W2150695584","https://openalex.org/W2160922282","https://openalex.org/W2168069209","https://openalex.org/W2177779156","https://openalex.org/W2197150605","https://openalex.org/W2209868569","https://openalex.org/W2286666480","https://openalex.org/W2290274158","https://openalex.org/W2346103878","https://openalex.org/W2346996780","https://openalex.org/W2399444382","https://openalex.org/W2530942020","https://openalex.org/W2533696851","https://openalex.org/W2594218199","https://openalex.org/W2610794929","https://openalex.org/W2610863702","https://openalex.org/W2611879367","https://openalex.org/W4300093098","https://openalex.org/W6695998927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2762204558","https://openalex.org/W2962612507","https://openalex.org/W2803995364","https://openalex.org/W3127609762","https://openalex.org/W2794050064","https://openalex.org/W4379987333","https://openalex.org/W2903231397","https://openalex.org/W2995977988","https://openalex.org/W3004143690","https://openalex.org/W3131012505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2,7,19,69,76,82],"printed":[3],"paper":[4,80,91],"actuator":[5,65],"as":[6],"low":[8],"cost,":[9],"reversible":[10],"and":[11,14,53,99,108,119,136],"electrical":[12],"actuation":[13],"sensing":[15,107],"method.":[16],"This":[17,90],"is":[18,123],"novel":[20],"but":[21],"easily":[22],"accessible":[23],"enabling":[24],"technology":[25],"that":[26,114],"expands":[27],"upon":[28],"the":[29,42,46,51,54,64,93,96,100,105,116],"library":[30],"of":[31,50,78],"actuation-sensing":[32],"materials":[33],"in":[34],"HCI.":[35],"By":[36],"integrating":[37],"three":[38],"physical":[39],"phenomena,":[40],"including":[41],"bilayer":[43],"bending":[44],"actuation,":[45],"shape":[47],"memory":[48],"effect":[49],"thermoplastic":[52],"current-driven":[55],"joule":[56],"heating":[57],"via":[58,81],"conductive":[59,72],"printing":[60,68,120],"filament,":[61],"we":[62,126],"developed":[63],"by":[66,104],"simply":[67],"single":[70],"layer":[71],"Polylactide":[73],"(PLA)":[74],"on":[75],"piece":[77],"copy":[79],"desktop":[83],"fused":[84],"deposition":[85],"modeling":[86],"(FDM)":[87],"3D":[88],"printer.":[89],"describes":[92],"fabrication":[94],"process,":[95],"material":[97],"mechanism,":[98],"transformation":[101],"primitives,":[102],"followed":[103],"electronic":[106],"control":[109],"methods.":[110],"A":[111],"software":[112],"tool":[113],"assists":[115],"design,":[117],"simulation":[118],"toolpath":[121],"generation":[122],"introduced.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"explored":[127],"applications":[128],"under":[129],"four":[130],"contexts:":[131],"robotics,":[132],"interactive":[133],"art,":[134],"entertainment":[135],"home":[137],"environment.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}