{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2795737619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173590","title":"The Illusion of Control","display_name":"The Illusion of Control","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2795737619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173590","mag":"2795737619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173574.3173590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173590","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173574.3173590","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173574.3173590","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064496195","display_name":"Kristen Vaccaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-942X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristen Vaccaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033065760","display_name":"Dylan Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dylan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054624773","display_name":"Motahhare Eslami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-3045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motahhare Eslami","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082707744","display_name":"Christian Sandvig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-536X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Sandvig","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075772311","display_name":"Kevin Hamilton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-8097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Hamilton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075056899","display_name":"Karrie Karahalios","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8788-3405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306409833","display_name":"Adobe Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059tvcg64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karrie Karahalios","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign & Adobe Research, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign & Adobe Research, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833","https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8522,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98524585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.6972633600234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6626321077346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensemaking","display_name":"Sensemaking","score":0.6623655557632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6297203302383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrolling","display_name":"Scrolling","score":0.6228861808776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illusion-of-control","display_name":"Illusion of control","score":0.5556374788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prioritization","display_name":"Prioritization","score":0.49200794100761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4120273292064667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3792836368083954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.36911094188690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.28847551345825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2312386929988861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.22013133764266968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12467530369758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.10402420163154602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09969404339790344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.6972633600234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6626321077346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780554381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063340","display_name":"Sensemaking","level":2,"score":0.6623655557632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6297203302383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59046462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181319","display_name":"Scrolling","level":2,"score":0.6228861808776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148116889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065707","display_name":"Illusion of control","level":2,"score":0.5556374788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777615720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888847","display_name":"Prioritization","level":2,"score":0.49200794100761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4120273292064667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3792836368083954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.36911094188690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.28847551345825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2312386929988861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.22013133764266968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12467530369758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.10402420163154602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09969404339790344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173574.3173590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173590","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173574.3173590","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173574.3173590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173590","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173574.3173590","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1525557864","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1564041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G653181279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHS-1564041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2795737619.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2795737619.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66600975","https://openalex.org/W216499477","https://openalex.org/W653744296","https://openalex.org/W1480392963","https://openalex.org/W1528027857","https://openalex.org/W1531491028","https://openalex.org/W1607288515","https://openalex.org/W1781458262","https://openalex.org/W1822555315","https://openalex.org/W1914972138","https://openalex.org/W1967215090","https://openalex.org/W1973213502","https://openalex.org/W1989630473","https://openalex.org/W1990175024","https://openalex.org/W2010158189","https://openalex.org/W2026645894","https://openalex.org/W2032426551","https://openalex.org/W2038810061","https://openalex.org/W2047186275","https://openalex.org/W2053075547","https://openalex.org/W2067673181","https://openalex.org/W2092724257","https://openalex.org/W2097662241","https://openalex.org/W2099813784","https://openalex.org/W2100767128","https://openalex.org/W2101196063","https://openalex.org/W2108554506","https://openalex.org/W2113533904","https://openalex.org/W2117602879","https://openalex.org/W2133270667","https://openalex.org/W2136378765","https://openalex.org/W2140553307","https://openalex.org/W2142121158","https://openalex.org/W2151656499","https://openalex.org/W2152815769","https://openalex.org/W2157368088","https://openalex.org/W2158003437","https://openalex.org/W2166323020","https://openalex.org/W2170671660","https://openalex.org/W2176788652","https://openalex.org/W2242985385","https://openalex.org/W2312518867","https://openalex.org/W2337934060","https://openalex.org/W2403343111","https://openalex.org/W2405896853","https://openalex.org/W2433203947","https://openalex.org/W2498041801","https://openalex.org/W2507945590","https://openalex.org/W2568476927","https://openalex.org/W2591711226","https://openalex.org/W2594475271","https://openalex.org/W2599514293","https://openalex.org/W2606411279","https://openalex.org/W2606861540","https://openalex.org/W2611145892","https://openalex.org/W2619904157","https://openalex.org/W2752491485","https://openalex.org/W2790656917","https://openalex.org/W2798837625","https://openalex.org/W2902302393","https://openalex.org/W2915177913","https://openalex.org/W3000665131","https://openalex.org/W3122759738","https://openalex.org/W3123020128","https://openalex.org/W3123364642","https://openalex.org/W3148037094","https://openalex.org/W4229693527","https://openalex.org/W4240973054","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2966255935","https://openalex.org/W2001523430","https://openalex.org/W30362721","https://openalex.org/W2010722453","https://openalex.org/W2010227105","https://openalex.org/W2590748657","https://openalex.org/W4302011980","https://openalex.org/W2016614363","https://openalex.org/W4381333146","https://openalex.org/W2045726569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Algorithmic":[0],"prioritization":[1,20],"is":[2],"a":[3,31],"growing":[4],"focus":[5],"for":[6,15,108,112],"social":[7,126,136],"media":[8,127,137],"users.":[9],"Control":[10],"settings":[11,71],"are":[12],"one":[13,60,63],"way":[14,32],"users":[16,46,104,123,149],"to":[17,37,152,158],"adjust":[18],"the":[19,130,146],"of":[21,134],"their":[22,80,125],"news":[23],"feeds,":[24],"but":[25],"they":[26,87,161],"prioritize":[27],"feed":[28,81],"content":[29],"in":[30,97,129],"that":[33,69,103],"can":[34],"be":[35],"difficult":[36],"judge":[38],"objectively.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"work,":[42],"we":[43,67,120],"study":[44,65],"how":[45,94,122],"engage":[47,96],"with":[48,79,145],"difficult-to-validate":[49],"controls.":[50,118],"Via":[51],"two":[52],"paired":[53],"studies":[54],"using":[55],"an":[56],"experimental":[57],"system":[58],"--":[59,66,111],"interview":[61],"and":[62,115],"online":[64],"found":[68],"control":[70,100],"functioned":[72],"as":[73],"placebos.":[74],"Viewers":[75],"felt":[76],"more":[77],"satisfied":[78],"when":[82],"controls":[83,138],"were":[84],"present,":[85],"whether":[86],"worked":[88],"or":[89],"not.":[90],"We":[91],"also":[92],"examine":[93],"people":[95],"sensemaking":[98],"around":[99],"settings,":[101],"finding":[102],"often":[105,150],"take":[106],"responsibility":[107],"violated":[109],"expectations":[110],"both":[113],"real":[114],"randomly":[116],"functioning":[117],"Finally,":[119],"studied":[121],"controlled":[124],"feeds":[128],"wild.":[131],"The":[132],"use":[133],"existing":[135],"had":[139],"little":[140],"impact":[141],"on":[142],"user's":[143],"satisfaction":[144],"feed;":[147],"instead,":[148],"turned":[151],"improvised":[153],"solutions,":[154],"like":[155],"scrolling":[156],"quickly,":[157],"see":[159],"what":[160],"want.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}