{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2793790797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173162.3173186","title":"Sugar","display_name":"Sugar","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2793790797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173162.3173186","mag":"2793790797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173162.3173186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173162.3173186","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173162.3173186","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Third International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173162.3173186","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101760575","display_name":"Zhihao Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-0713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhihao Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081477559","display_name":"Zongheng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-7613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zongheng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020421529","display_name":"Yingtong Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingtong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003045043","display_name":"Ardalan Amiri Sani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-587X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ardalan Amiri Sani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074121652","display_name":"Aparna Chandramowlishwaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0840-4192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aparna Chandramowlishwaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101760575"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1847,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.839712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"519","last_page":"534"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8094373941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.6190651655197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-pipeline","display_name":"Graphics pipeline","score":0.5639070868492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.540446400642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.4680718183517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-computer-graphics","display_name":"3D computer graphics","score":0.4427659213542938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.37601253390312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.35852062702178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.32205379009246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.20452165603637695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8094373941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.6190651655197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173552908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366289","display_name":"Graphics pipeline","level":4,"score":0.5639070868492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.540446400642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.4680718183517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66629338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189177","display_name":"3D computer graphics","level":3,"score":0.4427659213542938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.37601253390312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.35852062702178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.32205379009246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.20452165603637695}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173162.3173186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173162.3173186","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173162.3173186","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Third International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3173162.3173186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3173162.3173186","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173162.3173186","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Third International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5668433203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#1617513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7435138517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1617513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2793790797.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2793790797.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15883","https://openalex.org/W46191940","https://openalex.org/W73604409","https://openalex.org/W84109435","https://openalex.org/W183305829","https://openalex.org/W1523300416","https://openalex.org/W1577966481","https://openalex.org/W1605360721","https://openalex.org/W1896748832","https://openalex.org/W1907897959","https://openalex.org/W1984692040","https://openalex.org/W2014572481","https://openalex.org/W2058144256","https://openalex.org/W2062340141","https://openalex.org/W2066383384","https://openalex.org/W2069152576","https://openalex.org/W2096165352","https://openalex.org/W2096915479","https://openalex.org/W2117590013","https://openalex.org/W2117625898","https://openalex.org/W2118201637","https://openalex.org/W2122960384","https://openalex.org/W2123437505","https://openalex.org/W2124282422","https://openalex.org/W2127784167","https://openalex.org/W2143999355","https://openalex.org/W2149684006","https://openalex.org/W2154884316","https://openalex.org/W2161404180","https://openalex.org/W2169414316","https://openalex.org/W2350778671","https://openalex.org/W2575037197","https://openalex.org/W2604297383","https://openalex.org/W2625954429","https://openalex.org/W2949838346","https://openalex.org/W4229646679"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2551270712","https://openalex.org/W81424162","https://openalex.org/W2032944314","https://openalex.org/W2021309932","https://openalex.org/W2355368319","https://openalex.org/W60029494","https://openalex.org/W3046848437","https://openalex.org/W2149904643","https://openalex.org/W641925902","https://openalex.org/W2032706116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"personal":[1],"computers":[2],"have":[3,62,73,78,86],"embraced":[4],"increasingly":[5],"powerful":[6],"Graphics":[7],"Processing":[8],"Units":[9],"(GPUs).":[10],"Recently,":[11],"GPU-based":[12],"graphics":[13,36,112,144,158,174,188,238,250],"acceleration":[14,128],"in":[15,45],"web":[16,23,38,130,148,241],"apps":[17,39,131,242],"(i.e.,":[18],"applications":[19],"running":[20],"inside":[21],"a":[22,117,141,147,162,186,259],"browser)":[24],"has":[25,53],"become":[26],"popular.":[27],"WebGL":[28,52],"is":[29,42,139,190,215,233],"the":[30,48,93,102,106,111,124,172,177,182,194,197,227,244,248,253,256],"main":[31],"effort":[32],"to":[33,70,96,217,225,235,246],"provide":[34,236,247],"OpenGL-like":[35],"for":[37,129,146,240,252],"and":[40,81,243],"it":[41,267],"currently":[43],"used":[44,234],"53%":[46],"of":[47,105,110,126,161,196,255],"top-100":[49],"websites.":[50],"Unfortunately,":[51,89],"posed":[54],"serious":[55],"security":[56,84,125,184,265],"concerns":[57],"as":[58,168,170],"several":[59],"attack":[60],"vectors":[61],"been":[63,74,79,87],"demonstrated":[64],"through":[65],"WebGL.":[66],"Web":[67],"browsers\u00bb":[68],"solutions":[69],"these":[71],"attacks":[72],"reactive:":[75],"discovered":[76],"vulnerabilities":[77],"patched":[80],"new":[82],"runtime":[83],"checks":[85],"added.":[88],"this":[90],"approach":[91],"leaves":[92],"system":[94,120,183],"vulnerable":[95],"zero-day":[97],"vulnerability":[98],"exploits,":[99],"especially":[100],"given":[101],"large":[103],"size":[104],"Trusted":[107],"Computing":[108],"Base":[109],"plane.":[113],"We":[114],"present":[115],"Sugar,":[116],"novel":[118],"operating":[119],"solution":[121],"that":[122,205],"enhances":[123,181],"GPU":[127,153,165,200,232],"by":[132,150],"design.":[133],"The":[134],"key":[135],"idea":[136],"behind":[137],"Sugar":[138,180,206,214],"using":[140],"dedicated":[142,163],"virtual":[143,157,164,187,237],"plane":[145,159,189,251],"app":[149],"leveraging":[151],"modern":[152],"virtualization":[154,201],"solutions.":[155],"A":[156],"consists":[160],"(or":[166],"vGPU)":[167],"well":[169],"all":[171],"software":[173],"stack":[175],"(including":[176],"device":[178],"driver).":[179],"since":[185],"fully":[191],"isolated":[192],"from":[193],"rest":[195,254],"system.":[198,257],"Despite":[199],"overhead,":[202],"we":[203],"show":[204],"achieves":[207],"high":[208],"performance.":[209],"Moreover,":[210],"unlike":[211],"current":[212],"systems,":[213],"able":[216],"use":[218],"two":[219],"underlying":[220],"physical":[221],"GPUs,":[222],"when":[223],"available,":[224],"co-render":[226],"User":[228],"Interface":[229],"(UI):":[230],"one":[231],"planes":[239],"other":[245],"primary":[249],"Such":[258],"design":[260],"not":[261],"only":[262],"provides":[263,269],"strong":[264],"guarantees,":[266],"also":[268],"enhanced":[270],"performance":[271],"isolation.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2018-03-29T00:00:00"}