{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2798311791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3186530","title":"A Tangible VR Game Designed for Spatial Penetrative Thinking Ability","display_name":"A Tangible VR Game Designed for Spatial Penetrative Thinking Ability","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2798311791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3186530","mag":"2798311791"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3170427.3186530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3186530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044473416","display_name":"Jack Shen-Kuen Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4575-8769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Shen-Kuen Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University & Ryerson University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University & Ryerson University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008540212","display_name":"Alison Doucette","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alison F. Doucette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063429475","display_name":"Georgina Yeboah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgina Yeboah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056981928","display_name":"Timothy N. Welsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5892-8595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Welsh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052849808","display_name":"Michael A. Nitsche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-5965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Nitsche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072480471","display_name":"Ali Mazalek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0293-5435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Mazalek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3003,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61454328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12343","display_name":"Geography Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-learning","display_name":"Spatial learning","score":0.6677590012550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-ability","display_name":"Spatial ability","score":0.5926939845085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-cognition","display_name":"Spatial cognition","score":0.5684148669242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5659093856811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5354588031768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-design","display_name":"Spatial design","score":0.5336127281188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-intelligence","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","score":0.515796422958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5084447264671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.41636160016059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3354146480560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22760143876075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.21109983325004578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985665543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560550","display_name":"Spatial learning","level":3,"score":0.6677590012550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778662690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3125339","display_name":"Spatial ability","level":3,"score":0.5926939845085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777371692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178611","display_name":"Spatial cognition","level":3,"score":0.5684148669242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5659093856811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5354588031768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779819341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574060","display_name":"Spatial design","level":3,"score":0.5336127281188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817354","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.515796422958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5084447264671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.41636160016059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3354146480560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22760143876075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.21109983325004578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3170427.3186530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3186530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04j5jqy92"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992222194","https://openalex.org/W2023015865","https://openalex.org/W2051228648","https://openalex.org/W2092190778","https://openalex.org/W2101892923","https://openalex.org/W2134968647","https://openalex.org/W2168989027","https://openalex.org/W2760970471"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137117987","https://openalex.org/W2940611486","https://openalex.org/W4237297985","https://openalex.org/W2107382427","https://openalex.org/W4401317613","https://openalex.org/W2077129754","https://openalex.org/W2992403069","https://openalex.org/W3031343931","https://openalex.org/W4390621711","https://openalex.org/W4230180165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Longitudinal":[0],"and":[1,12,17,56,68,78,92,117],"large-scale":[2],"studies":[3],"have":[4],"shown":[5],"a":[6,81,95],"strong":[7],"link":[8],"between":[9],"spatial":[10,21,38,42,61,105],"abilities":[11,43,62],"success":[13],"in":[14,37,63,112],"STEM":[15],"learning":[16,22],"careers.":[18],"However,":[19],"many":[20,41],"materials":[23],"are":[24],"either":[25],"still":[26],"2D-based,":[27],"or":[28],"not":[29],"optimized":[30],"to":[31,53,65],"engage":[32],"students.":[33],"In":[34],"addition,":[35],"research":[36,67],"cognition":[39],"distinguishes":[40],"as":[44,94],"independent":[45],"from":[46],"one":[47,103],"another.":[48],"This":[49],"implies":[50],"the":[51,76,85],"need":[52],"design":[54,77],"content":[55],"interactions":[57],"that":[58],"target":[59],"individual":[60],"order":[64],"further":[66],"support":[69],"training.":[70],"Following":[71],"this":[72],"approach,":[73],"we":[74],"describe":[75],"implementation":[79],"for":[80],"VR":[82],"system,":[83],"\"Keep":[84],"Ball":[86],"Rolling\",":[87],"controlled":[88],"with":[89],"tangible":[90],"inputs":[91],"played":[93],"multi-level":[96],"game.":[97],"The":[98],"system":[99],"is":[100,110],"designed":[101],"around":[102],"central":[104],"ability:":[106],"penetrative":[107],"thinking,":[108],"which":[109],"important":[111],"geology,":[113],"biology,":[114],"human":[115],"anatomy,":[116],"dentistry":[118],"among":[119],"other":[120],"areas.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}