{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2762077810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3152042.3152066","title":"GPGPU Power Estimation with Core and Memory Frequency Scaling","display_name":"GPGPU Power Estimation with Core and Memory Frequency Scaling","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2762077810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3152042.3152066","mag":"2762077810"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3152042.3152066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3152042.3152066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187660","display_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","issn_l":"0163-5999","issn":["0163-5999","1557-9484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018867983","display_name":"Qiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2986-967X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Baptist University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Baptist University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100730785","display_name":"Xiaowen Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-4372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Baptist University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Baptist University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018867983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0278,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88546256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"2","first_page":"73","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-scaling","display_name":"Frequency scaling","score":0.877870500087738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7932029366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-absolute-percentage-error","display_name":"Mean absolute percentage error","score":0.6824197769165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5275416374206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5256624817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.47554418444633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.4666948616504669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.45734545588493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.44646573066711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.441506028175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.4236138164997101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.4226333498954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3642997145652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1200849711894989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09253671765327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08651921153068542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157742956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3237776","display_name":"Frequency scaling","level":3,"score":0.877870500087738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7932029366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150217764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803607","display_name":"Mean absolute percentage error","level":3,"score":0.6824197769165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5275416374206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5256624817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.47554418444633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.4666948616504669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.45734545588493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.44646573066711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.441506028175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.4236138164997101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.4226333498954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3642997145652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1200849711894989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09253671765327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08651921153068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3152042.3152066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3152042.3152066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187660","display_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","issn_l":"0163-5999","issn":["0163-5999","1557-9484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-160484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-160484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495021188","https://openalex.org/W1569947842","https://openalex.org/W1570947789","https://openalex.org/W1978969737","https://openalex.org/W2033597569","https://openalex.org/W2038666141","https://openalex.org/W2074084090","https://openalex.org/W2080592089","https://openalex.org/W2093043622","https://openalex.org/W2099019585","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2163932369","https://openalex.org/W2168231600","https://openalex.org/W2170059648","https://openalex.org/W2254254903","https://openalex.org/W2291445757","https://openalex.org/W2479666647","https://openalex.org/W2526023695","https://openalex.org/W2529165666","https://openalex.org/W2614112306","https://openalex.org/W2614226686","https://openalex.org/W2760837370","https://openalex.org/W2984960739","https://openalex.org/W3152476980","https://openalex.org/W4234178886","https://openalex.org/W4242961847"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963859303","https://openalex.org/W2364044215","https://openalex.org/W2389600408","https://openalex.org/W240129890","https://openalex.org/W3048701459","https://openalex.org/W2149078538","https://openalex.org/W2080146221","https://openalex.org/W2370314112","https://openalex.org/W1912958759","https://openalex.org/W3104348697"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,42,61,82,123,135,138,181,208],"increasing":[2],"installation":[3],"of":[4,44,86,94,137,158,167,191],"Graphics":[5],"Processing":[6],"Units":[7],"(GPUs)":[8],"in":[9],"supercomputers":[10],"and":[11,21,27,50,101,125,131,161],"data":[12,106],"centers,":[13],"their":[14],"huge":[15],"electricity":[16],"cost":[17],"brings":[18],"new":[19],"environmental":[20],"economic":[22],"concerns.":[23],"Although":[24],"Dynamic":[25],"Voltage":[26],"Frequency":[28],"Scaling":[29],"(DVFS)":[30],"techniques":[31],"have":[32],"been":[33],"successfully":[34],"applied":[35],"on":[36,47,74,117,169],"traditional":[37],"CPUs":[38],"to":[39,60,206],"reserve":[40],"energy,":[41],"impact":[43],"GPU":[45,63,89,99,114,120,183,196],"DVFS":[46],"application":[48],"performance":[49,175,203],"power":[51,85],"consumption":[52],"is":[53],"not":[54],"yet":[55],"fully":[56],"understood,":[57],"mainly":[58],"due":[59],"complicated":[62],"memory":[64,102,126],"system.":[65],"This":[66],"paper":[67],"proposes":[68],"a":[69,87,92,118],"fast":[70],"prediction":[71,140,176],"model":[72,141],"based":[73],"Support":[75],"Vector":[76],"Regression":[77],"(SVR),":[78],"which":[79],"can":[80,179,187],"estimate":[81],"average":[83,190],"runtime":[84],"given":[88],"kernel":[90],"using":[91],"set":[93,107],"profiling":[95],"parameters":[96],"under":[97],"different":[98],"core":[100,124],"frequencies.":[103],"Our":[104],"experimental":[105],"includes":[108],"931":[109],"samples":[110],"obtained":[111],"from":[112],"19":[113],"kernels":[115,197],"running":[116],"real":[119],"platform":[121],"with":[122,172,198],"frequencies":[127],"ranging":[128],"between":[129],"400MHz":[130],"1000MHz.":[132],"We":[133,146],"evaluate":[134],"accuracy":[136,149],"SVR-based":[139],"by":[142],"ten-fold":[143],"cross":[144],"validation.":[145],"achieve":[147],"greater":[148],"than":[150,201],"prior":[151],"models,":[152],"being":[153],"Mean":[154,162],"Square":[155],"Error":[156,165],"(MSE)":[157],"0.797":[159],"Watt":[160],"Absolute":[163],"Percentage":[164],"(MAPE)":[166],"3.08%":[168],"average.":[170],"Combined":[171],"an":[173,189],"existing":[174],"model,":[177],"we":[178],"find":[180],"optimal":[182],"frequency":[184],"settings":[185],"that":[186],"save":[188],"13.2%":[192],"energy":[193],"across":[194],"those":[195],"no":[199],"more":[200],"10%":[202],"penalty":[204],"compared":[205],"applying":[207],"default":[209],"setting.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
