{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2766939825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3139550.3139559","title":"Using EEG-Based BCI Devices to Subliminally Probe for Private Information","display_name":"Using EEG-Based BCI Devices to Subliminally Probe for Private Information","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2766939825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3139550.3139559","mag":"2766939825"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3139550.3139559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3139550.3139559","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 on Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074477294","display_name":"Mario Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-7475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mario Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056658535","display_name":"Tiffany Hwu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5129-8589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiffany Hwu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101534253","display_name":"Sakshi Jain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316064682","display_name":"LinkedIn (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02fyxhe35","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I1316064682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakshi Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["LinkedIn Corporation, Sunnyvale, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LinkedIn Corporation, Sunnyvale, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316064682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039414463","display_name":"Robert T. Knight","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8686-1685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert T. Knight","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033928805","display_name":"Ivan Martinovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-3040"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Martinovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015619835","display_name":"Prateek Mittal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4057-0118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prateek Mittal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057397180","display_name":"Daniele Perito","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Perito","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089980408","display_name":"Ivo Sluganovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-7932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivo Sluganovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102480144","display_name":"Dawn Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawn Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074477294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6662,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83970269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"133","last_page":"136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.8763833045959473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7805883288383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7515033483505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.544590175151825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.46057677268981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compromise","display_name":"Compromise","score":0.42130813002586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3117695152759552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11397624015808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.0773666501045227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.8763833045959473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7805883288383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7515033483505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.544590175151825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.46057677268981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.42130813002586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3117695152759552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11397624015808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0773666501045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3139550.3139559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3139550.3139559","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 on Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8374058091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OUCL/2014/IS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W128619364","https://openalex.org/W160153222","https://openalex.org/W192858286","https://openalex.org/W1485900623","https://openalex.org/W1612881843","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1770177499","https://openalex.org/W1995086679","https://openalex.org/W2003996126","https://openalex.org/W2008359193","https://openalex.org/W2024046085","https://openalex.org/W2079035297","https://openalex.org/W2084728275","https://openalex.org/W2092623161","https://openalex.org/W2100523952","https://openalex.org/W2103472153","https://openalex.org/W2111625475","https://openalex.org/W2116189089","https://openalex.org/W2118375263","https://openalex.org/W2136365570","https://openalex.org/W2144157951","https://openalex.org/W2146234730","https://openalex.org/W2157567080","https://openalex.org/W6629016409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2801622120","https://openalex.org/W2164141394","https://openalex.org/W4240977217","https://openalex.org/W3036524962","https://openalex.org/W1967649051","https://openalex.org/W2508088450","https://openalex.org/W2389434635","https://openalex.org/W4214750239","https://openalex.org/W2279908259","https://openalex.org/W4252107351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"EEG-based":[0,41],"Brain-Computer-Interfaces":[1],"are":[2,35],"becoming":[3],"available":[4],"as":[5,57],"consumer-grade":[6],"devices,":[7],"used":[8],"in":[9,37,50],"applications":[10],"from":[11],"gaming":[12],"to":[13,52],"learning":[14],"programs":[15],"with":[16],"neuro-feedback":[17],"loops.":[18],"While":[19],"enabling":[20],"attractive":[21],"applications,":[22],"their":[23,58],"proliferation":[24],"introduces":[25],"novel":[26],"privacy":[27],"concerns":[28],"and":[29,44],"security":[30],"threats.":[31],"One":[32],"such":[33,56],"example":[34],"attacks":[36],"which":[38],"adversaries":[39],"compromise":[40],"BCI":[42],"devices":[43],"analyze":[45],"the":[46],"user's":[47],"brain":[48],"activity":[49],"order":[51],"infer":[53],"private":[54],"information":[55],"bank":[59],"or":[60],"area-of-living.":[61]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
