{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2767328950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3132847.3133151","title":"An Empirical Analysis of Pruning Techniques","display_name":"An Empirical Analysis of Pruning Techniques","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2767328950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3132847.3133151","mag":"2767328950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3132847.3133151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3132847.3133151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/62734/1/Chen_etal_CIKM_2017_An_empirical_analysis_of_pruning_techniques_performance_retrievability_and_bias.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007897863","display_name":"Ruey-Cheng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruey-Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048218964","display_name":"Leif Azzopardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-0557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leif Azzopardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085925326","display_name":"Falk Scholer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9094-0810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Falk Scholer","raw_affiliation_strings":["RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2023","last_page":"2026"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.9265059232711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7415130138397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retrievability","display_name":"Retrievability","score":0.7269313335418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5167352557182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-index","display_name":"Inverted index","score":0.4986703395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4976253807544708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4938696026802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.49131646752357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.387973815202713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3395816385746002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3390730023384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21176156401634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.13637682795524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-retrieval","display_name":"Document retrieval","score":0.10940691828727722}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.9265059232711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7415130138397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191072391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17043235","display_name":"Retrievability","level":3,"score":0.7269313335418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5167352557182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130590232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671754","display_name":"Inverted index","level":3,"score":0.4986703395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4976253807544708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4938696026802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.49131646752357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.387973815202713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3395816385746002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3390730023384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21176156401634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.13637682795524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161156560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638872","display_name":"Document retrieval","level":2,"score":0.10940691828727722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3132847.3133151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3132847.3133151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:62734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/517553.html>","pdf_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/62734/1/Chen_etal_CIKM_2017_An_empirical_analysis_of_pruning_techniques_performance_retrievability_and_bias.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book Section"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.61RMIT_INST:11247976260001341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3133151&CFID=1002429790&CFTOKEN=23558542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402074","display_name":"RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","host_organization_name":"RMIT University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27392373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Pruning_Techniques_Performance_Retrievability_and_Bias/27392373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:62734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/517553.html>","pdf_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/62734/1/Chen_etal_CIKM_2017_An_empirical_analysis_of_pruning_techniques_performance_retrievability_and_bias.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book Section"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2114630832","display_name":"Effective summaries for search results","funder_award_id":"DP140102655","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3593748246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP140102655","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309938","funder_display_name":"Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G581067875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K000330/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309938","display_name":"Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8nkc73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2767328950.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2767328950.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W188487579","https://openalex.org/W1810577788","https://openalex.org/W1973520416","https://openalex.org/W1984208669","https://openalex.org/W1989433773","https://openalex.org/W2006997130","https://openalex.org/W2010259002","https://openalex.org/W2023268471","https://openalex.org/W2032395777","https://openalex.org/W2034977219","https://openalex.org/W2047491155","https://openalex.org/W2078251464","https://openalex.org/W2107252390","https://openalex.org/W2107329943","https://openalex.org/W2126281141","https://openalex.org/W2135290016","https://openalex.org/W2137250554","https://openalex.org/W2154610494","https://openalex.org/W2181863784","https://openalex.org/W2319502986"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1749119321","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W2124379162","https://openalex.org/W1514026108","https://openalex.org/W2137250554","https://openalex.org/W2137587553","https://openalex.org/W2389993829","https://openalex.org/W2116504754","https://openalex.org/W2069849087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prior":[0],"work":[1,47,227],"on":[2,60,123,146],"using":[3],"retrievability":[4,33],"measures":[5],"in":[6,156,164,177,184,199],"the":[7,17,21,39,50,53,65,88,96,124,132,147,205,223],"evaluation":[8],"of":[9,52,91,195,207],"information":[10],"retrieval":[11,24,27,40,61,89,216],"(IR)":[12],"systems":[13],"has":[14,48],"laid":[15],"out":[16],"foundations":[18],"for":[19,101],"investigating":[20],"relation":[22],"between":[23,134],"performance":[25,120],"and":[26,69,115,121,139,142,170,191,238],"bias.":[28,62],"While":[29],"various":[30],"factors":[31,136],"influencing":[32],"have":[34],"been":[35],"examined,":[36],"showing":[37],"how":[38,56,64,87,117,239],"model":[41],"may":[42],"influence":[43,75],"bias,":[44],"no":[45],"prior":[46],"examined":[49],"impact":[51,206],"index":[54,98,105],"(and":[55],"it":[57],"is":[58,99,137,192,228],"optimized)":[59],"Intuitively,":[63],"documents":[66,234],"are":[67,78,235],"represented,":[68],"what":[70],"terms":[71],"they":[72,77,118],"contain,":[73],"will":[74],"whether":[76],"retrievable":[79],"or":[80,160],"not.":[81],"In":[82,107],"this":[83,240],"paper,":[84],"we":[85,110],"investigate":[86],"bias":[90,122,165,178,217],"a":[92,161,168,172,181,196],"system":[93],"changes":[94],"as":[95,188],"inverted":[97],"optimized":[100],"efficiency":[102],"through":[103],"static":[104],"pruning.":[106],"our":[108],"analysis,":[109],"consider":[111],"four":[112],"pruning":[113,148,154,208,224],"methods":[114],"examine":[116],"affect":[119],"TREC":[125],"GOV2":[126],"Collection.":[127],"Our":[128],"results":[129,155],"show":[130],"that":[131,152,204],"relationship":[133],"these":[135],"varied":[138,213],"complex":[140],"-":[141,214],"very":[143],"much":[144],"dependent":[145],"algorithm.":[149],"We":[150],"find":[151],"more":[153],"relatively":[157],"little":[158],"change":[159],"slight":[162],"decrease":[163,183,198],"up":[166],"to":[167,180,221,230],"point,":[169],"then":[171],"dramatic":[173],"increase.":[174],"The":[175,201],"increase":[176],"corresponds":[179],"sharp":[182],"early":[185],"precision":[186],"such":[187],"[email":[189],"protected]":[190],"also":[193],"indicative":[194],"large":[197],"MAP.":[200],"findings":[202],"suggest":[203],"algorithms":[209],"can":[210],"be":[211,219],"quite":[212],"but":[215],"could":[218],"used":[220],"guide":[222],"process.":[225],"Further":[226],"required":[229],"determine":[231],"precisely":[232],"which":[233],"most":[236],"affected":[237],"impacts":[241],"upon":[242],"performance.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}