{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2770057444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131365.3131369","title":"An empirical characterization of IFTTT","display_name":"An empirical characterization of IFTTT","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2770057444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131365.3131369","mag":"2770057444"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3131365.3131369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131365.3131369","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047482025","display_name":"Xianghang Mi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8747-5601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianghang Mi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072962093","display_name":"Feng Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8509-2650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386190","display_name":"Ying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0916-9912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252078561","display_name":"Meta (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/02388em19","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100333231","display_name":"Xiaofeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-1466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"XiaoFeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":125,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"398","last_page":"404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13197","display_name":"Spreadsheets and End-User Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13197","display_name":"Spreadsheets and End-User Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.8953031301498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7962058186531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java-applet","display_name":"Java applet","score":0.7855957746505737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4459277093410492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4149087965488434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.342403382062912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2777560353279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2608224153518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.22144275903701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.17482125759124756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.8953031301498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7962058186531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15524039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865817","display_name":"Java applet","level":3,"score":0.7855957746505737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4459277093410492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4149087965488434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.342403382062912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2777560353279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2608224153518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.22144275903701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.17482125759124756}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3131365.3131369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131365.3131369","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1596046736","https://openalex.org/W1783722518","https://openalex.org/W1966590372","https://openalex.org/W2007731429","https://openalex.org/W2016159237","https://openalex.org/W2028970698","https://openalex.org/W2043475427","https://openalex.org/W2086239403","https://openalex.org/W2089090243","https://openalex.org/W2092591354","https://openalex.org/W2110262254","https://openalex.org/W2151520537","https://openalex.org/W2399248522","https://openalex.org/W2520585910","https://openalex.org/W2605367183","https://openalex.org/W2999025081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2273814841","https://openalex.org/W2144956799","https://openalex.org/W2143584782","https://openalex.org/W2751166006","https://openalex.org/W2584017495","https://openalex.org/W2943875910","https://openalex.org/W2333687530","https://openalex.org/W1669499690","https://openalex.org/W2059356130","https://openalex.org/W1972437902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"IFTTT":[0,27,77],"is":[1],"a":[2,29,44],"popular":[3],"trigger-action":[4],"programming":[5],"platform":[6],"whose":[7],"applets":[8,56],"can":[9],"automate":[10],"more":[11],"than":[12],"400":[13],"services":[14,93],"of":[15,26,32,66,75,91,96],"IoT":[16],"devices":[17],"and":[18,39,62,79,94,106],"web":[19],"applications.":[20],"We":[21,47,100],"conduct":[22],"an":[23],"empirical":[24],"study":[25],"using":[28,43],"combined":[30],"approach":[31],"analyzing":[33],"data":[34],"collected":[35],"for":[36,83],"6":[37],"months":[38],"performing":[40],"controlled":[41],"experiments":[42],"custom":[45],"testbed.":[46],"profile":[48],"the":[49,64,72,76,97],"interactions":[50],"among":[51],"different":[52],"entities,":[53],"measure":[54],"how":[55],"are":[57],"used":[58],"by":[59],"end":[60],"users,":[61],"test":[63],"performance":[65,104],"applet":[67,98],"execution.":[68],"Overall":[69],"we":[70],"observe":[71,102],"fast":[73],"growth":[74],"ecosystem":[78],"its":[80],"increasing":[81],"usage":[82],"automating":[84],"IoT-related":[85],"tasks,":[86],"which":[87],"correspond":[88],"to":[89],"52%":[90],"all":[92],"16%":[95],"usage.":[99],"also":[101],"several":[103],"inefficiencies":[105],"identify":[107],"their":[108],"causes.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}