{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2761643213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131348.3131349","title":"Sub-Microsecond Network Synchronization for Distributed Wireless PHY Protocols","display_name":"Sub-Microsecond Network Synchronization for Distributed Wireless PHY Protocols","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2761643213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131348.3131349","mag":"2761643213"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3131348.3131349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131348.3131349","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, and for the Students","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037809240","display_name":"Danh H. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-4345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Danh H. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011503246","display_name":"Anton Paatelma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Paatelma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045845301","display_name":"Harri Saarnisaari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-3234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harri Saarnisaari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007957626","display_name":"Nagarajan Kandasamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-6362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nagarajan Kandasamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017507453","display_name":"Kapil R. Dandekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1936-2514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kapil R. Dandekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037809240"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57370394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9779000282287598,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8325725793838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7420046329498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.609360933303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.5941463708877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5657720565795898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-synchronization","display_name":"Data synchronization","score":0.48590412735939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.4668971002101898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization-networks","display_name":"Synchronization networks","score":0.4525059163570404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.4499571621417999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.42267265915870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3392762839794159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.24321633577346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.13887256383895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.12091901898384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10111552476882935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8325725793838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7420046329498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.609360933303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.5941463708877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5657720565795898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108734733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172333","display_name":"Data synchronization","level":3,"score":0.48590412735939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.4668971002101898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111097370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10969923","display_name":"Synchronization networks","level":4,"score":0.4525059163570404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.4499571621417999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.42267265915870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3392762839794159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.24321633577346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.13887256383895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.12091901898384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10111552476882935}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3131348.3131349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131348.3131349","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, and for the Students","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3552719665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Dnro 2336/31/2014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321855","funder_display_name":"Tekes"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4061741045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1457306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321855","display_name":"Tekes","ror":"https://ror.org/02ag8cq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1548749974","https://openalex.org/W2025021027","https://openalex.org/W2094636498","https://openalex.org/W2119953759","https://openalex.org/W2143229717","https://openalex.org/W2283715726","https://openalex.org/W2502797515","https://openalex.org/W2746505796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2257089145","https://openalex.org/W2039529505","https://openalex.org/W1583321132","https://openalex.org/W2379538059","https://openalex.org/W2084800146","https://openalex.org/W100496347","https://openalex.org/W2558026001","https://openalex.org/W2085922198","https://openalex.org/W2970351229","https://openalex.org/W2352040412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,51],"present":[1],"a":[2,63],"hybrid":[3],"wired-wireless":[4],"time":[5],"synchronization":[6,54,77],"method":[7,22,74],"targeting":[8],"enterprise":[9],"WLAN":[10],"networks":[11],"to":[12,43],"enable":[13],"future":[14],"deployments":[15],"of":[16],"distributed":[17],"wireless":[18],"PHY":[19],"protocols.":[20],"Our":[21],"synchronizes":[23],"all":[24,39,80],"network":[25,67,81],"APs":[26],"on":[27,56],"the":[28,32],"Ethernet":[29],"backhaul":[30],"using":[31],"IEEE":[33],"1588":[34],"Precise":[35],"Time":[36],"Protocol,":[37],"while":[38],"clients":[40],"are":[41],"synchronized":[42],"their":[44],"home":[45],"AP":[46],"via":[47],"reference":[48],"broadcast":[49],"synchronization.":[50],"implement":[52],"this":[53],"primitive":[55],"WARP":[57],"software-defined":[58],"radios":[59],"and":[60,83],"evaluate":[61],"through":[62],"microbenchmark":[64],"involving":[65],"four":[66],"links.":[68],"The":[69],"results":[70],"verify":[71],"that":[72],"our":[73],"achieves":[75],"sub-microsecond":[76],"accuracy":[78],"among":[79],"nodes":[82],"therefore":[84],"serves":[85],"as":[86],"an":[87],"effective":[88],"building":[89],"block":[90],"for":[91],"protocol":[92],"development.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
