{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2614647722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130840","title":"Scratch iridescence","display_name":"Scratch iridescence","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2614647722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130840","mag":"2614647722"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3130800.3130840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/233928","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066643051","display_name":"Sebastian Werner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-7129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Werner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021297857","display_name":"Zdravko Velinov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1258-1223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zdravko Velinov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102848203","display_name":"Wenzel Jakob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6090-1121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzel Jakob","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067544804","display_name":"Matthias B. Hullin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8041-5665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias B. Hullin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4448,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9684034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iridescence","display_name":"Iridescence","score":0.9547287821769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction","display_name":"Diffraction","score":0.7058361172676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.647886335849762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scratch","display_name":"Scratch","score":0.5846477746963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.576484203338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","score":0.4489235579967499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.4310969114303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3809770941734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2984975576400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.21732941269874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11712345480918884}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206622957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q957208","display_name":"Iridescence","level":2,"score":0.9547287821769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.7058361172676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.647886335849762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275131","display_name":"Scratch","level":2,"score":0.5846477746963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.576484203338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4489235579967499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4310969114303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3809770941734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2984975576400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.21732941269874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11712345480918884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3130800.3130840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:233928","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/233928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:233928","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/233928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543394532","https://openalex.org/W1589097922","https://openalex.org/W1658472922","https://openalex.org/W1670516652","https://openalex.org/W1965720004","https://openalex.org/W1966385659","https://openalex.org/W1977733098","https://openalex.org/W2002699656","https://openalex.org/W2036180579","https://openalex.org/W2056267614","https://openalex.org/W2056867012","https://openalex.org/W2065583285","https://openalex.org/W2065716334","https://openalex.org/W2073301058","https://openalex.org/W2080638042","https://openalex.org/W2090346540","https://openalex.org/W2103370233","https://openalex.org/W2104074610","https://openalex.org/W2137706341","https://openalex.org/W2144188683","https://openalex.org/W2149089336","https://openalex.org/W2152418755","https://openalex.org/W2159004935","https://openalex.org/W2167377123","https://openalex.org/W2169383276","https://openalex.org/W2170371392","https://openalex.org/W2175032334","https://openalex.org/W2220595294","https://openalex.org/W2295834392","https://openalex.org/W2336763592","https://openalex.org/W2461676789","https://openalex.org/W2473361822","https://openalex.org/W2610372066","https://openalex.org/W2616500594","https://openalex.org/W2737412618","https://openalex.org/W2911481195","https://openalex.org/W2921399459","https://openalex.org/W3006322515","https://openalex.org/W4236674936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145622026","https://openalex.org/W2130349388","https://openalex.org/W2765641896","https://openalex.org/W2117612895","https://openalex.org/W2136321110","https://openalex.org/W3152672463","https://openalex.org/W2073276318","https://openalex.org/W2016427106","https://openalex.org/W2088824466","https://openalex.org/W2333818450"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37],"surface":[1,55,134],"of":[2,50,60,79,129,139,177,191],"metal,":[3],"glass":[4],"and":[5,34,82,160],"plastic":[6],"objects":[7],"is":[8,42,46,189],"often":[9],"characterized":[10],"by":[11,15,48,54],"microscopic":[12],"scratches":[13,24],"caused":[14,47],"manufacturing":[16],"and/or":[17],"wear.":[18],"A":[19],"closer":[20],"look":[21],"onto":[22],"such":[23,74],"reveals":[25],"iridescent":[26,77],"colors":[27],"with":[28],"a":[29,115,137,144],"complex":[30,99],"dependency":[31],"on":[32,57,88,120,146,203],"viewing":[33,182],"lighting":[35],"conditions.":[36],"physics":[38],"behind":[39],"this":[40,111,127],"phenomenon":[41],"well":[43,197],"understood;":[44],"it":[45],"diffraction":[49,123,151],"the":[51,58,61,76,89,97,147,149,175,193],"incident":[52],"light":[53,101],"features":[56],"order":[59],"optical":[62],"wavelength.":[63],"Existing":[64],"analytic":[65],"models":[66],"are":[67,157],"able":[68],"to":[69,96,105,125,171],"reproduce":[70],"spatially":[71],"unresolved":[72],"microstructure":[73],"as":[75,136,196,198],"appearance":[78,195],"compact":[80],"disks":[81],"similar":[83],"materials.":[84],"Spatially":[85],"resolved":[86],"scratches,":[87],"other":[90],"hand,":[91],"have":[92],"proven":[93],"elusive":[94],"due":[95],"highly":[98],"wave-optical":[100,116],"transport":[102],"simulations":[103],"needed":[104],"account":[106],"for":[107,153],"their":[108],"appearance.":[109],"In":[110],"paper,":[112],"we":[113],"propose":[114],"shading":[117],"model":[118,132,188],"based":[119],"non-paraxial":[121],"scalar":[122],"theory":[124],"render":[126],"class":[128],"effects.":[130],"Our":[131],"expresses":[133],"roughness":[135],"collection":[138],"line":[140],"segments.":[141],"To":[142],"shade":[143],"point":[145],"surface,":[148],"individual":[150],"patterns":[152],"contributing":[154],"scratch":[155],"segments":[156],"computed":[158],"analytically":[159],"superimposed":[161],"coherently.":[162],"This":[163],"provides":[164],"natural":[165],"transitions":[166],"from":[167],"localized":[168],"glint-like":[169],"iridescence":[170],"smooth":[172],"BRDFs":[173],"representing":[174],"superposition":[176],"many":[178],"reflections":[179],"at":[180],"large":[181],"distances.":[183],"We":[184],"demonstrate":[185],"that":[186],"our":[187],"capable":[190],"recreating":[192],"overall":[194],"characteristic":[199],"detail":[200],"effects":[201],"observed":[202],"real-world":[204],"examples.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}