{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2767017232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3125501.3125522","title":"Optimizing DCNN FPGA accelerator design for handwritten hangul character recognition","display_name":"Optimizing DCNN FPGA accelerator design for handwritten hangul character recognition","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2767017232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3125501.3125522","mag":"2767017232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3125501.3125522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3125501.3125522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Compilers, Architectures and Synthesis for Embedded Systems Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032385807","display_name":"Hanwool Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4679-8217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanwool Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062378143","display_name":"Changdae Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8589-9905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changdae Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043866908","display_name":"Hakkyung Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hakkyung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064440523","display_name":"Yechan Yoo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yechan Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034252630","display_name":"Yoonjin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2394-7542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoonjin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009028758","display_name":"Injung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-6097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Injung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101941644","display_name":"Kang Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-845X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113825674","display_name":"Handong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Handong Global University, Pohang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032385807"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113825674"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5461,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76355052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8607064485549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7945621609687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hangul","display_name":"Hangul","score":0.7877330780029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6041188836097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.47651422023773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4370035231113434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.4193825125694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3428712487220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2838034927845001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.17104214429855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.167070209980011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.10050207376480103}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8607064485549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7945621609687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554519600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8222","display_name":"Hangul","level":2,"score":0.7877330780029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6041188836097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.47651422023773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4370035231113434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.4193825125694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3428712487220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2838034927845001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.17104214429855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.167070209980011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.10050207376480103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3125501.3125522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3125501.3125522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Compilers, Architectures and Synthesis for Embedded Systems Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321319","display_name":"Hangdong Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/00txhkt32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978426462","https://openalex.org/W2094756095","https://openalex.org/W4231109964"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2332916822","https://openalex.org/W3005112969","https://openalex.org/W2963907862","https://openalex.org/W2558220788","https://openalex.org/W2399576855","https://openalex.org/W2396420879","https://openalex.org/W285180403","https://openalex.org/W4386879558","https://openalex.org/W2066233021","https://openalex.org/W4225949190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep1":[0],"Convolutional":[1],"Neural":[2],"Network":[3],"(DCNN)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6],"break-through":[7],"technology":[8],"in":[9,78,87,125],"image":[10],"recognition.":[11],"However,":[12],"because":[13],"of":[14,37,80,89],"extreme":[15],"computing":[16,99],"resource":[17],"requirements,":[18],"DCNN":[19,38],"need":[20],"to":[21,118],"be":[22,116],"implemented":[23],"by":[24,101],"hardware":[25],"accelerator.":[26,56],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30],"present":[31],"an":[32],"FPGA-based":[33],"accelerator":[34,114],"design":[35,58,75],"techniques":[36],"for":[39,97,121],"handwritten":[40],"Hangul":[41],"character":[42,52],"recognition":[43,49],"engine.":[44],"We":[45,104],"achieved":[46],"about":[47],"11.9ms":[48],"time":[50,82],"per":[51],"with":[53,62,112],"Xilinx":[54,63],"FPGA":[55,71,113],"Our":[57,74],"optimization":[59],"was":[60],"performed":[61],"HLS":[64],"and":[65,85,94],"SDAccel":[66],"environment":[67],"targeting":[68],"Kintex":[69],"XCKU115":[70],"from":[72],"Xilinx.":[73],"outperforms":[76],"CPU":[77],"terms":[79,88],"execution":[81],"6.25":[83],"times,":[84],"GPGPU":[86,119],"energy":[90],"efficiency":[91],"4.7":[92],"times":[93],"cooling":[95],"cost":[96],"the":[98,106],"servers":[100],"17":[102],"times.":[103],"think":[105],"research":[107],"results":[108],"imply":[109],"deep":[110],"learning":[111],"will":[115],"alternative":[117],"solutions":[120],"real-time":[122],"applications,":[123],"especially":[124],"data":[126],"centers":[127],"or":[128],"sever":[129],"farms.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}