{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2753944835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3124643","title":"Evolved Control of Natural Plants","display_name":"Evolved Control of Natural Plants","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2753944835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3124643","mag":"2753944835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3124643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3124643","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3124643&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16632050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","issn_l":"1556-4665","issn":["1556-4665","1556-4703"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3124643&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068513699","display_name":"Daniel Nicolas Hofstadler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-164X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766117","display_name":"University of Graz","ror":"https://ror.org/01faaaf77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Nicolas Hofstadler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Graz, Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Graz, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048152775","display_name":"Mostafa Wahby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-3625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Wahby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University and University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University and University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345","https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085889996","display_name":"Mary Katherine Heinrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1595-8487"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Katherine Heinrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for IT and Architecture, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for IT and Architecture, Denmark","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017908221","display_name":"Heiko Hamann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2458-8289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heiko Hamann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University and University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University and University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345","https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041689841","display_name":"Payam Zahadat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4521-7428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766117","display_name":"University of Graz","ror":"https://ror.org/01faaaf77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Payam Zahadat","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Graz, Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Graz, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015457860","display_name":"Phil Ayres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-065X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phil Ayres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for IT and Architecture, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for IT and Architecture, Denmark","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016945377","display_name":"Thomas Schmickl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-7462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766117","display_name":"University of Graz","ror":"https://ror.org/01faaaf77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Schmickl","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Graz, Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Graz, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068513699"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0429,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91946793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7450454235076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.7360517978668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5605406761169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phototropism","display_name":"Phototropism","score":0.5142547488212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4772734045982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4088475704193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3994086980819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3962894678115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3335767984390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.29530060291290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08724209666252136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7450454235076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.7360517978668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5605406761169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53820872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863119","display_name":"Phototropism","level":3,"score":0.5142547488212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4772734045982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4088475704193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3994086980819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3962894678115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3335767984390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.29530060291290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08724209666252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017965124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929359","display_name":"Blue light","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3124643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3124643","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3124643&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16632050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","issn_l":"1556-4665","issn":["1556-4665","1556-4703"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/6da11fc1-f0c9-4339-9bb7-5455ba22f070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://adk.elsevierpure.com/da/publications/6da11fc1-f0c9-4339-9bb7-5455ba22f070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402278","display_name":"Architecture, Design and Conservation (Aarhus School of Architecture, Design School Kolding, The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, Schools of Architecture, Design and Conservation (KADK))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hofstadler, D N, Wahby, M, Heinrich, M K, Hamann, H, Zahadat, P, Ayres, P & Schmickl, T 2017, 'Evolved Control of Natural Plants: Crossing the Reality Gap for User-Defined Steering of Growth and Motion', ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems (TAAS), vol. 12, no. 3, 15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3124643","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/59789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-b719c877mcw12","pdf_url":"https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/b732b1a4-9635-4e26-8edf-3fa55e09ac71/content","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems. ACM. 2017, 12(3), 15. ISSN 1556-4665. eISSN 1556-4703. Available under: doi: 10.1145/3124643","raw_type":"doc-type:Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3124643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3124643","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3124643&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16632050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","issn_l":"1556-4665","issn":["1556-4665","1556-4703"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3667355048","display_name":"Flora Robotica: Societies of Symbiotic Robot-Plant Bio-Hybrids  as Social Architectural Artifacts","funder_award_id":"640959","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4956428346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020 research and innovatio","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5036817778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innov","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8633428685","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovat","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2753944835.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2753944835.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1955601057","https://openalex.org/W1964750332","https://openalex.org/W1976051517","https://openalex.org/W1978161072","https://openalex.org/W1990951470","https://openalex.org/W2017110548","https://openalex.org/W2025609645","https://openalex.org/W2041767543","https://openalex.org/W2061684126","https://openalex.org/W2077571245","https://openalex.org/W2085055226","https://openalex.org/W2094484898","https://openalex.org/W2108121392","https://openalex.org/W2114488212","https://openalex.org/W2125682417","https://openalex.org/W2147169375","https://openalex.org/W2152157266","https://openalex.org/W2154610266","https://openalex.org/W2164227005","https://openalex.org/W2169803171","https://openalex.org/W2247161444","https://openalex.org/W2341057945","https://openalex.org/W2560124906","https://openalex.org/W2572280941","https://openalex.org/W2733484600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2336062691","https://openalex.org/W139442533","https://openalex.org/W2065885032","https://openalex.org/W1596271587","https://openalex.org/W2164227005","https://openalex.org/W1563863455","https://openalex.org/W1991523557","https://openalex.org/W2014199361","https://openalex.org/W2101379593","https://openalex.org/W2000675896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mixing":[0],"societies":[1],"of":[2,30,48,106,135,161,170,183,186],"natural":[3,21,152],"and":[4,10,20,44,84,103,188],"artificial":[5],"systems":[6],"can":[7],"provide":[8],"interesting":[9],"potentially":[11],"fruitful":[12],"research":[13],"targets.":[14,60],"Here":[15],"we":[16,141],"mix":[17],"robotic":[18,35,63],"setups":[19],"plants":[22,31,187],"in":[23,92,117,146,165,191],"order":[24],"to":[25,40,51,58,67,94,119,177],"steer":[26],"the":[27,42,56,72,95,107,126,143,147,162,166,171,184],"motion":[28],"behavior":[29,91],"while":[32],"growing.":[33],"The":[34,89,113,155,168],"setup":[36,149],"uses":[37,45],"a":[38,46,69,80,85,104,121,133,151,158],"camera":[39],"observe":[41],"plant":[43,57,90,108,127,193],"pair":[47],"light":[49],"sources":[50],"trigger":[52],"phototropic":[53],"response,":[54],"steering":[55],"user-defined":[59],"An":[61],"evolutionary":[62],"approach":[64,172],"is":[65,98,111,115],"used":[66,116],"design":[68],"controller":[70,83,97,123,145],"for":[71,174],"setup.":[73,167],"Initially,":[74],"preliminary":[75],"experiments":[76],"are":[77],"performed":[78],"with":[79],"simple":[81,96],"predetermined":[82],"growing":[86],"bean":[87,153],"plant.":[88,154],"response":[93],"captured":[99],"by":[100],"image":[101],"processing,":[102],"model":[105,114],"tip":[109,128],"dynamics":[110],"developed.":[112],"simulation":[118],"evolve":[120],"robot":[122],"that":[124,130],"steers":[125],"such":[129],"it":[131],"follows":[132],"number":[134],"randomly":[136],"generated":[137],"target":[138],"points.":[139],"Finally,":[140],"test":[142],"simulation-evolved":[144],"real":[148],"controlling":[150],"results":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"successful":[159],"crossing":[160],"reality":[163],"gap":[164],"success":[169],"allows":[173],"future":[175],"extensions":[176],"more":[178],"complex":[179],"tasks":[180],"including":[181],"control":[182],"shape":[185],"pattern":[189],"formation":[190],"multiple":[192],"setups.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}