{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2773814846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122787","title":"Underminer","display_name":"Underminer","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2773814846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122787","mag":"2773814846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3122787","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122787","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072235308","display_name":"Ay\u00e7a Balkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-659X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayca Balkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-659X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047674203","display_name":"Paulo Tabuada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-0951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Tabuada","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057473400","display_name":"Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-5540"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyota Technical Center, Los Angeles CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyota Technical Center, Los Angeles CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005037066","display_name":"Xiaoqing Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8836-3505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293612202","display_name":"Toyota Motor Corporation (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0pbv75","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293612202","https://openalex.org/I4210125472","https://openalex.org/I4210137853"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyota Technical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyota Technical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293612202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043322219","display_name":"James Kapinski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4130-2913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293612202","display_name":"Toyota Motor Corporation (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p0pbv75","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293612202","https://openalex.org/I4210125472","https://openalex.org/I4210137853"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Kapinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyota Technical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyota Technical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293612202"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93095015,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8562300205230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5359585881233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5137654542922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5046764612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4975455105304718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.47043082118034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.46297380328178406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8562300205230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5359585881233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5137654542922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5046764612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4975455105304718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.47043082118034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.46297380328178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3122787","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122787","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W618136976","https://openalex.org/W1522228969","https://openalex.org/W1533557569","https://openalex.org/W1547304883","https://openalex.org/W1561445488","https://openalex.org/W1941193032","https://openalex.org/W1964730816","https://openalex.org/W1995313864","https://openalex.org/W1999913571","https://openalex.org/W2011199136","https://openalex.org/W2049399166","https://openalex.org/W2065005038","https://openalex.org/W2068619069","https://openalex.org/W2080932760","https://openalex.org/W2086092403","https://openalex.org/W2086359741","https://openalex.org/W2114616381","https://openalex.org/W2116586985","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2125353221","https://openalex.org/W2131399618","https://openalex.org/W2153803621","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2313184609","https://openalex.org/W2338188380","https://openalex.org/W2530949013","https://openalex.org/W2536620281","https://openalex.org/W4252959020","https://openalex.org/W4289627512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517908938","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W2281834912","https://openalex.org/W1489941249","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3123492739","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4320486059","https://openalex.org/W2494168571"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluation":[0],"of":[1,52,122,143,187,193,203,277,314],"industrial":[2,36,62,326],"embedded":[3,97],"control":[4,53,98],"system":[5,54,99,104],"designs":[6],"is":[7,41,88,179,260],"a":[8,19,77,106,166,184,247,250,275],"time-consuming":[9],"and":[10,39,109,118,164,244,287,290,307],"imperfect":[11],"process.":[12],"While":[13],"an":[14,89,169,267],"ideal":[15],"process":[16],"would":[17],"apply":[18],"formal":[20],"verification":[21],"technique":[22,91],"such":[23,56,173,280,302],"as":[24,57,105,242,281,303,323,325],"model":[25,115,159,175,189,207,236],"checking":[26],"or":[27,59,72,196],"theorem":[28],"proving,":[29],"these":[30,46],"techniques":[31,47,195,301],"do":[32],"not":[33],"scale":[34],"to":[35,44,48,69,82,92,182,232,261,265],"design":[37,269],"problems,":[38],"it":[40,154],"often":[42],"difficult":[43],"use":[45,256,262],"verify":[49],"performance":[50,319],"aspects":[51],"designs,":[55,63],"stability":[58],"convergence.":[60],"For":[61],"engineers":[64],"rely":[65],"on":[66,284,320],"testing":[67,85,144],"processes":[68],"identify":[70,93],"critical":[71],"unexpected":[73],"behaviors.":[74,176,208,226],"We":[75,310],"propose":[76],"novel":[78],"framework":[79,229],"called":[80],"Underminer":[81,101,209,273,315],"improve":[83],"the":[84,103,111,114,141,149,157,188,191,201,216,228,258,263,271,312],"process;":[86],"this":[87,255],"automated":[90],"nonconverging":[94],"behaviors":[95,129,241,298],"in":[96,140,148,168,215],"designs.":[100],"treats":[102],"black":[107],"box":[108],"lets":[110],"designer":[112],"indicate":[113,233],"parameters,":[116],"inputs,":[117],"outputs":[119],"that":[120,156],"are":[121],"interest.":[123],"It":[124],"differentiates":[125],"convergent":[126,162,174],"from":[127,172,295],"nonconvergent":[128,206,225],"using":[130,249,299],"Convergence":[131],"Classifier":[132],"Functions":[133],"(CCFs).":[134],"The":[135],"tool":[136],"can":[137,210],"be":[138,212],"applied":[139],"context":[142],"models":[145,220],"created":[146],"late":[147],"controller":[150],"development":[151,217],"stage,":[152,218],"where":[153,219],"assumes":[155],"given":[158],"displays":[160],"mostly":[161],"behavior":[163],"learns":[165],"CCF":[167,178,248,264],"unsupervised":[170],"fashion":[171],"This":[177],"then":[180,245],"used":[181,213],"guide":[183],"thorough":[185],"exploration":[186],"with":[190,200],"help":[192],"optimization-guided":[194],"adaptive":[197],"sampling":[198],"techniques,":[199],"goal":[202,259],"identifying":[204],"rare":[205],"also":[211,291],"early":[214],"may":[221],"have":[222],"some":[223],"significant":[224],"Here,":[227],"permits":[230],"designers":[231],"their":[234],"mental":[235],"for":[237,270],"convergence":[238],"by":[239,316],"labeling":[240],"convergent/nonconvergent":[243],"constructs":[246],"supervised":[251],"learning":[252],"technique.":[253],"In":[254],"case,":[257],"test":[266],"improved":[268],"model.":[272],"supports":[274],"number":[276],"convergence-like":[278],"notions,":[279],"those":[282],"based":[283],"Lyapunov":[285],"analysis":[286],"temporal":[288],"logic,":[289],"CCFs":[292],"learned":[293],"directly":[294],"labeled":[296],"output":[297],"machine-learning":[300],"support":[304],"vector":[305],"machines":[306],"neural":[308],"networks.":[309],"demonstrate":[311],"efficacy":[313],"evaluating":[317],"its":[318],"several":[321],"academic":[322],"well":[324],"examples.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2017-12-22T00:00:00"}