{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2612954225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3110355.3110356","title":"Benchmarking OpenCL, OpenACC, OpenMP, and CUDA","display_name":"Benchmarking OpenCL, OpenACC, OpenMP, and CUDA","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2612954225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3110355.3110356","mag":"2612954225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3110355.3110356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3110355.3110356","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Workshop on Adaptive Resource Management and Scheduling for Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066530334","display_name":"Suejb Memeti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1608-3181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suejb Memeti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100743673","display_name":"Lu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-7942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021961745","display_name":"Sabri Pllana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-9062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabri Pllana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041301604","display_name":"Joanna Ko\u0142odziej","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-8713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136276","display_name":"NASK National Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ajsaw82","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136276"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Ko\u0142odziej","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASK, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASK, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136276"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059272770","display_name":"Christoph Ke\u00dfler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Kessler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.9391,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98907956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.8886768817901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8669636249542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon-phi","display_name":"Xeon Phi","score":0.8515371084213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.7753921151161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon","display_name":"Xeon","score":0.7378231883049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6480845212936401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.6325650215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4917931854724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.451608270406723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gpu-cluster","display_name":"GPU cluster","score":0.4365338385105133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symmetric-multiprocessor-system","display_name":"Symmetric multiprocessor system","score":0.43125200271606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.33480948209762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12259110808372498}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.8886768817901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8669636249542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96972482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049168","display_name":"Xeon Phi","level":2,"score":0.8515371084213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.7753921151161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145108525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656154","display_name":"Xeon","level":2,"score":0.7378231883049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6480845212936401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.6325650215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4917931854724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.451608270406723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781335571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2633544","display_name":"GPU cluster","level":3,"score":0.4365338385105133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172430144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17111997","display_name":"Symmetric multiprocessor system","level":2,"score":0.43125200271606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.33480948209762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12259110808372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3110355.3110356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3110355.3110356","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Workshop on Adaptive Resource Management and Scheduling for Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1476683968","https://openalex.org/W1483717008","https://openalex.org/W1795490027","https://openalex.org/W1817724761","https://openalex.org/W1864199185","https://openalex.org/W1984222112","https://openalex.org/W1996092188","https://openalex.org/W2002487373","https://openalex.org/W2080592089","https://openalex.org/W2092703362","https://openalex.org/W2211541975","https://openalex.org/W2472048300","https://openalex.org/W2548173935","https://openalex.org/W2629685832","https://openalex.org/W2952119044","https://openalex.org/W3146774908","https://openalex.org/W4239158730"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2475524688","https://openalex.org/W2739740241","https://openalex.org/W2085105049","https://openalex.org/W2592417500","https://openalex.org/W2883383827","https://openalex.org/W4214765606","https://openalex.org/W2058527440","https://openalex.org/W2334331871","https://openalex.org/W2612954225","https://openalex.org/W2952973539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"modern":[1],"parallel":[2,49],"computing":[3,155],"systems":[4,158],"are":[5,47,140],"heterogeneous":[6,41,157],"at":[7],"their":[8],"node":[9],"level.":[10],"Such":[11],"nodes":[12],"may":[13,43],"comprise":[14],"general":[15],"purpose":[16],"CPUs":[17],"and":[18,58,84,92,129,136,148],"accelerators":[19],"(such":[20,52],"as,":[21,53],"GPU,":[22],"or":[23,169],"Intel":[24,161,171],"Xeon":[25,162,172],"Phi)":[26],"that":[27,62,159],"provide":[28],"high":[29],"performance":[30,39],"with":[31,86,165],"suitable":[32,64],"energy-consumption":[33],"characteristics.":[34],"However,":[35],"exploiting":[36],"the":[37,60,78,96,110,118,133,137,143,149],"available":[38],"of":[40,80,112],"architectures":[42],"be":[44],"challenging.":[45],"There":[46],"various":[48],"programming":[50,89,97],"frameworks":[51],"OpenMP,":[54,81],"OpenCL,":[55,83],"OpenACC,":[56,82],"CUDA)":[57],"selecting":[59],"one":[61],"is":[63,69],"for":[65,153],"a":[66,121,166],"target":[67],"context":[68],"not":[70],"straightforward.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75,99],"study":[76],"empirically":[77],"characteristics":[79],"CUDA":[85],"respect":[87],"to":[88,108,116,131],"productivity,":[90],"performance,":[91],"energy.":[93],"To":[94],"evaluate":[95,132],"productivity":[98],"use":[100,125],"our":[101,126],"homegrown":[102],"tool":[103],"CodeStat,":[104],"which":[105],"enables":[106],"us":[107],"determine":[109],"percentage":[111],"code":[113,119],"lines":[114],"required":[115],"parallelize":[117],"using":[120,142],"specific":[122],"framework.":[123],"We":[124],"tools":[127],"MeterPU":[128],"x-MeterPU":[130],"energy":[134],"consumption":[135],"performance.":[138],"Experiments":[139],"conducted":[141],"industry-standard":[144],"SPEC":[145],"benchmark":[146,151],"suite":[147,152],"Rodinia":[150],"accelerated":[154],"on":[156],"combine":[160],"E5":[163],"Processors":[164],"GPU":[167],"accelerator":[168],"an":[170],"Phi":[173],"co-processor.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
