{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2752490402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109729.3109753","title":"Variant Analysis","display_name":"Variant Analysis","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2752490402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109729.3109753","mag":"2752490402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3109729.3109753","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109729.3109753","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st International Systems and Software Product Line Conference - Volume B","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007113989","display_name":"Vasil L. Tenev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1235-2794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098380","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00r1wdc11","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasil Tenev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE), Kaiserslautern, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE), Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006895702","display_name":"Slawomir Duszynski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889804353","display_name":"Robert Bosch (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/01fe0jt45","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slawomir Duszynski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Research, Renningen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Research, Renningen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060733666","display_name":"Martin Becker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-3481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098380","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00r1wdc11","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Becker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE), Kaiserslautern, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering (IESE), Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007113989"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9345,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89621184,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"22","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7219030857086182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.55987149477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5481933355331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.5335664749145508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-lines-of-code","display_name":"Source lines of code","score":0.5223873257637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.510558009147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.49974751472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-program-analysis","display_name":"Static program analysis","score":0.49776938557624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-product-line","display_name":"Software product line","score":0.4955047369003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kpi-driven-code-analysis","display_name":"KPI-driven code analysis","score":0.4927404224872589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4882810115814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.4845520555973053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.47521883249282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46468380093574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4525226950645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.44636815786361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-visualization","display_name":"Software visualization","score":0.4376169443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.42923566699028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.41625431180000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.3729284107685089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.35686177015304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3539361357688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1382201611995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13437053561210632}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7219030857086182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.55987149477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5481933355331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5335664749145508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.5223873257637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.510558009147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.49974751472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137287247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329550","display_name":"Static program analysis","level":4,"score":0.49776938557624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778177629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111823","display_name":"Software product line","level":4,"score":0.4955047369003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121957198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14365593","display_name":"KPI-driven code analysis","level":5,"score":0.4927404224872589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4882810115814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4845520555973053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.47521883249282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46468380093574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4525226950645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.44636815786361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4379982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273511","display_name":"Software visualization","level":5,"score":0.4376169443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.42923566699028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.41625431180000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.3729284107685089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.35686177015304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3539361357688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1382201611995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13437053561210632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3109729.3109753","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109729.3109753","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st International Systems and Software Product Line Conference - Volume B","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/397869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/397869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27738508","https://openalex.org/W104934522","https://openalex.org/W1495650079","https://openalex.org/W1514746707","https://openalex.org/W2039387459","https://openalex.org/W2052548737","https://openalex.org/W2061832758","https://openalex.org/W2089463122","https://openalex.org/W2091480648","https://openalex.org/W2154151876","https://openalex.org/W2156062547","https://openalex.org/W2180041965","https://openalex.org/W2743258187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139694402","https://openalex.org/W2034209539","https://openalex.org/W2762611631","https://openalex.org/W2149598945","https://openalex.org/W4288073061","https://openalex.org/W2986478207","https://openalex.org/W159649949","https://openalex.org/W2327272759","https://openalex.org/W100266679","https://openalex.org/W4312706861"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"product":[1],"lines":[2,109],"are":[3],"frequently":[4],"created":[5],"using":[6],"an":[7],"extractive":[8],"approach,":[9],"in":[10],"which":[11],"a":[12,48,54],"group":[13,55],"of":[14,56,66,81,103,110,119,139],"existing":[15],"software":[16,57,105,144],"products":[17],"is":[18,30],"reengineered":[19],"to":[20,32],"extract":[21],"their":[22],"reusable":[23],"core.":[24],"To":[25],"direct":[26],"that":[27],"effort,":[28],"it":[29],"necessary":[31],"analyze":[33],"the":[34,38,42,61,71,79,82,87,92,127,143],"reuse":[35],"potential":[36],"and":[37,69,91,107,130],"code":[39,51],"similarity":[40,52,98,118],"across":[41,53],"products.":[43],"We":[44,59],"present":[45],"Variant":[46,114],"Analysis,":[47],"tool":[49,116],"visualizing":[50],"systems.":[58],"represent":[60],"systems":[62,77,106],"as":[63,123],"intersecting":[64],"sets":[65],"content":[67],"elements,":[68],"place":[70],"elements":[72],"similar":[73],"between":[74],"any":[75],"n":[76,84],"into":[78],"intersection":[80],"respective":[83],"sets.":[85],"Using":[86],"resulting":[88],"set":[89],"model":[90],"system":[93],"structure":[94],"hierarchy,":[95],"we":[96],"provide":[97],"visualizations":[99,131],"scaling":[100],"for":[101,136],"tens":[102],"compared":[104],"millions":[108],"code.":[111,125],"The":[112],"current":[113],"Analysis":[115],"analyzes":[117],"text":[120],"files":[121],"such":[122],"source":[124],"However,":[126],"underlying":[128],"models":[129],"can":[132],"also":[133],"be":[134],"used":[135],"other":[137],"types":[138],"data,":[140],"even":[141],"beyond":[142],"domain.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2017-09-15T00:00:00"}