{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2775542369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3105915","title":"D-PUF","display_name":"D-PUF","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2775542369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3105915","mag":"2775542369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3105915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3105915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069898722","display_name":"Soubhagya Sutar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1453-9632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soubhagya Sutar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066464351","display_name":"Arnab Raha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-1069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnab Raha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054888852","display_name":"Amey Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-8269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devadatta Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Consultancy Services"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Consultancy Services","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051617377","display_name":"Rajeev Shorey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3664-6527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeev Shorey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Consultancy Services"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Consultancy Services","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113669589","display_name":"Jeffrey D. Tew","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Tew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Consultancy Services"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Consultancy Services","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102009759","display_name":"Vijay Raghunathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-5386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Raghunathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069898722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5063,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96190023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.8495581150054932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.801811933517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurability","display_name":"Reconfigurability","score":0.7333129048347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.7114824056625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6284652948379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-random-access-memory","display_name":"Dynamic random-access memory","score":0.5691304206848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratix","display_name":"Stratix","score":0.5407055020332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5125455856323242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4811795651912689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.479114294052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.4781164526939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.464402437210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercial-off-the-shelf","display_name":"Commercial off-the-shelf","score":0.4261961281299591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4102596640586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arbiter","display_name":"Arbiter","score":0.29425835609436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.20510941743850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.1578669250011444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13216891884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08118084073066711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.07153716683387756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.8495581150054932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.801811933517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302742","display_name":"Reconfigurability","level":2,"score":0.7333129048347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.7114824056625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6284652948379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118702147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189396","display_name":"Dynamic random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.5691304206848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776277307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22074755","display_name":"Stratix","level":3,"score":0.5407055020332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5125455856323242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4811795651912689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.479114294052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.4781164526939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.464402437210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777030141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1115443","display_name":"Commercial off-the-shelf","level":3,"score":0.4261961281299591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4102596640586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629872","display_name":"Arbiter","level":2,"score":0.29425835609436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.20510941743850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.1578669250011444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13216891884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08118084073066711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.07153716683387756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3105915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3105915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5886671915","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-0953468 and CNS-1527829","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W115326044","https://openalex.org/W1517403092","https://openalex.org/W1578894366","https://openalex.org/W1970426108","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2015619456","https://openalex.org/W2032773417","https://openalex.org/W2033300150","https://openalex.org/W2041209283","https://openalex.org/W2043634607","https://openalex.org/W2046003352","https://openalex.org/W2048999575","https://openalex.org/W2051451212","https://openalex.org/W2065784156","https://openalex.org/W2068965783","https://openalex.org/W2080284304","https://openalex.org/W2088455835","https://openalex.org/W2097243222","https://openalex.org/W2112368853","https://openalex.org/W2113322447","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2123482651","https://openalex.org/W2123644672","https://openalex.org/W2147784592","https://openalex.org/W2155489620","https://openalex.org/W2164152592","https://openalex.org/W2169212403","https://openalex.org/W2296043116","https://openalex.org/W2429633288","https://openalex.org/W2500740922","https://openalex.org/W2530364902","https://openalex.org/W2537002257","https://openalex.org/W2964418331","https://openalex.org/W3165267979","https://openalex.org/W3197788851","https://openalex.org/W4245762204","https://openalex.org/W4312476989","https://openalex.org/W4323927861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544665014","https://openalex.org/W2748364266","https://openalex.org/W4243861219","https://openalex.org/W2556374054","https://openalex.org/W2069545207","https://openalex.org/W2092579166","https://openalex.org/W2969723039","https://openalex.org/W1977947048","https://openalex.org/W1982084372","https://openalex.org/W2015619456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physically":[0],"Unclonable":[1],"Functions":[2],"(PUFs)":[3],"have":[4],"proved":[5],"to":[6,32,61,87,100,110,162,241,260,272],"be":[7,157],"an":[8,28,118,213],"effective":[9],"and":[10,19,41,66,210,223,247,263],"low-cost":[11],"measure":[12],"against":[13],"counterfeiting":[14],"by":[15,144],"providing":[16],"device":[17,95,185],"authentication":[18,186,238,258],"secure":[20],"key":[21,132],"storage":[22],"services.":[23],"Memory-based":[24],"PUF":[25,122,138,155],"implementations":[26],"are":[27,57,97],"attractive":[29],"option":[30],"due":[31,60],"the":[33,42,125,135,146,150,154,174,179,193,198,254,267,270,279],"ubiquitous":[34],"nature":[35],"of":[36,44,127,134,153,181,200,256,269],"memory":[37],"in":[38,93,183,237],"electronic":[39],"devices":[40],"requirement":[43],"minimal":[45],"(or":[46],"no)":[47],"additional":[48],"circuitry.":[49],"Dynamic":[50],"Random":[51],"Access":[52],"Memory--":[53],"(DRAM)":[54],"based":[55,123],"PUFs":[56,78],"particularly":[58],"advantageous":[59],"their":[62],"large":[63],"address":[64],"space":[65],"multiple":[67],"controllable":[68],"parameters":[69],"during":[70],"response":[71],"generation.":[72],"However,":[73],"prior":[74,109,242],"works":[75],"on":[76,124],"DRAM":[77,106,121,128,137,147,228],"use":[79,180],"a":[80,188,234],"static":[81],"response-generation":[82],"mechanism":[83,259],"making":[84,159],"them":[85],"vulnerable":[86],"security":[88],"attacks.":[89,164],"Further,":[90],"they":[91],"result":[92],"slow":[94],"authentication,":[96],"not":[98],"applicable":[99],"commercial":[101],"off-the-shelf":[102,225],"devices,":[103],"or":[104],"require":[105],"power":[107],"cycling":[108],"authentication.":[111],"In":[112,173,192],"this":[113],"article,":[114],"we":[115,177,196,251],"propose":[116],"D-PUF,":[117],"intrinsically":[119],"reconfigurable":[120],"idea":[126],"refresh":[129],"pausing.":[130],"A":[131],"feature":[133],"proposed":[136],"is":[139,167,208,276],"reconfigurability":[140],",":[141],"that":[142],"is,":[143],"varying":[145],"refresh-pause":[148],"interval,":[149],"challenge-response":[151],"behavior":[152],"can":[156],"altered,":[158],"it":[160],"robust":[161],"various":[163],"The":[165,206],"article":[166],"broadly":[168],"divided":[169],"into":[170],"two":[171],"parts.":[172],"first":[175],"part,":[176,195],"demonstrate":[178,233,253],"D-PUF":[182],"performing":[184],"through":[187],"secure,":[189],"low-overhead":[190],"methodology.":[191],"second":[194],"show":[197],"generation":[199],"true":[201],"random":[202,274],"numbers":[203,275],"using":[204,212,278],"D-PUF.":[205],"design":[207,271],"implemented":[209],"validated":[211],"Altera":[214],"Stratix":[215],"IV":[216],"GX":[217],"FPGA-based":[218],"Terasic":[219],"TR4-230":[220],"development":[221],"board":[222],"several":[224],"1GB":[226],"DDR3":[227],"modules.":[229],"Our":[230],"experimental":[231],"results":[232],"4.3\u00d7-6.4\u00d7":[235],"reduction":[236],"time":[239],"compared":[240],"work.":[243],"Using":[244],"controlled":[245],"temperature":[246,261],"accelerated":[248],"aging":[249,264],"tests,":[250],"also":[252],"robustness":[255],"our":[257],"variations":[262],"effects.":[265],"Finally,":[266],"ability":[268],"generate":[273],"verified":[277],"NIST":[280],"Statistical":[281],"Test":[282],"Suite.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2017-12-22T00:00:00"}
