{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2744693751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098822.3098824","title":"SilkRoad","display_name":"SilkRoad","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2744693751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098822.3098824","mag":"2744693751"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3098822.3098824","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098822.3098824","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063330831","display_name":"Rui Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072231297","display_name":"Hongyi Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-4678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252078561","display_name":"Meta (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/02388em19","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyi Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101626422","display_name":"Changhoon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5850-6483"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhoon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barefoot Networks"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barefoot Networks","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012646490","display_name":"Jeongkeun Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeongkeun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barefoot Networks"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barefoot Networks","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035157838","display_name":"Minlan Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-0212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minlan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063330831"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I2800817003"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":34.7847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":417,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99822443,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"15","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.8904063105583191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7713989615440369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/round-robin-dns","display_name":"Round-robin DNS","score":0.7323861122131348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateful-firewall","display_name":"Stateful firewall","score":0.704933762550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6534176468849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.6025314927101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.44734641909599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4334244728088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4289679527282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.40693217515945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2849265933036804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.8904063105583191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7713989615440369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102359118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178163","display_name":"Round-robin DNS","level":4,"score":0.7323861122131348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22927095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784206","display_name":"Stateful firewall","level":3,"score":0.704933762550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6534176468849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.6025314927101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.44734641909599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4334244728088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4289679527282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.40693217515945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2849265933036804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35026560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8767","display_name":"Domain Name System","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3098822.3098824","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098822.3098824","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7715317341","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1712674, CNS-1701923, CNS-1413978","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95608104","https://openalex.org/W1435603161","https://openalex.org/W1577170445","https://openalex.org/W1967373117","https://openalex.org/W1990249073","https://openalex.org/W1994926493","https://openalex.org/W1998471240","https://openalex.org/W2036003010","https://openalex.org/W2106352837","https://openalex.org/W2117702591","https://openalex.org/W2117884704","https://openalex.org/W2120111796","https://openalex.org/W2134519279","https://openalex.org/W2147802358","https://openalex.org/W2159279524","https://openalex.org/W2243203026","https://openalex.org/W2296258730","https://openalex.org/W2296559352","https://openalex.org/W2309084203","https://openalex.org/W2317833023","https://openalex.org/W2480346368","https://openalex.org/W2504074749","https://openalex.org/W2577489668","https://openalex.org/W2747822669","https://openalex.org/W2912601938","https://openalex.org/W2914379250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2572577820","https://openalex.org/W2378514155","https://openalex.org/W2187193331","https://openalex.org/W2420971918","https://openalex.org/W2930819831","https://openalex.org/W2735252710","https://openalex.org/W2139102277","https://openalex.org/W4383552203","https://openalex.org/W2971404517","https://openalex.org/W160350457"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"show":[4],"that":[5,132],"up":[6],"to":[7,48,63,73,100],"hundreds":[8,43],"of":[9,28,35,46,76,108,139,141],"software":[10,56],"load":[11,29,57,114,134],"balancer":[12,135],"(SLB)":[13],"servers":[14,47,77,109],"can":[15],"be":[16],"replaced":[17],"by":[18,31],"a":[19,64,67,74,98],"single":[20],"modern":[21],"switching":[22],"ASIC,":[23],"potentially":[24],"reducing":[25],"the":[26,81,101,106,113,119,133],"cost":[27],"balancing":[30],"over":[32,52],"two":[33],"orders":[34],"magnitude.":[36],"Today,":[37],"large":[38],"data":[39],"centers":[40],"typically":[41],"employ":[42],"or":[44,71,88,127],"thousands":[45],"load-balance":[49],"incoming":[50],"traffic":[51],"application":[53],"servers.":[54],"These":[55],"balancers":[58],"(SLBs)":[59],"map":[60,97],"packets":[61],"destined":[62],"service":[65,82],"(with":[66,83],"virtual":[68],"IP":[69,86],"address,":[70],"VIP),":[72],"pool":[75,107],"tasked":[78],"with":[79],"providing":[80],"multiple":[84],"direct":[85],"addresses,":[87],"DIPs).":[89],"An":[90],"SLB":[91],"is":[92,115,123,131],"stateful,":[93],"it":[94],"must":[95,136],"always":[96],"connection":[99],"same":[102],"server,":[103],"even":[104],"if":[105,112],"changes":[110],"and/or":[111],"spread":[116],"differently":[117],"across":[118],"pool.":[120],"This":[121],"property":[122],"called":[124],"per-connection":[125],"consistency":[126],"PCC.":[128],"The":[129],"challenge":[130],"keep":[137],"track":[138],"millions":[140],"connections":[142],"simultaneously.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T09:09:15.849793","created_date":"2017-08-17T00:00:00"}
