{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2752750816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098279.3098552","title":"Roman-txt","display_name":"Roman-txt","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2752750816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098279.3098552","mag":"2752750816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3098279.3098552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098279.3098552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107988647","display_name":"Anas Bilal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5037-804X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anas Bilal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062274442","display_name":"Aimal Rextin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4206-9025"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aimal Rextin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ahmad Kakakhel","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Kakakhel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086025266","display_name":"Mehwish Nasim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-9125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehwish Nasim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107988647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86774393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9599000215530396,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urdu","display_name":"Urdu","score":0.9531252384185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spelling","display_name":"Spelling","score":0.7866137027740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.690700888633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.6280064582824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.4612051844596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-messaging","display_name":"Text messaging","score":0.45839723944664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.44549185037612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.43566468358039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4163849949836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3333815634250641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.08237883448600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literature","display_name":"Literature","score":0.08111470937728882}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777350258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1617","display_name":"Urdu","level":2,"score":0.9531252384185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777801307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088390","display_name":"Spelling","level":2,"score":0.7866137027740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.690700888633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.6280064582824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.4612051844596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018949938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17166101","display_name":"Text messaging","level":2,"score":0.45839723944664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.44549185037612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.43566468358039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4163849949836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3333815634250641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.08237883448600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.08111470937728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3098279.3098552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3098279.3098552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/111590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2440/111590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401835","display_name":"Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","host_organization_name":"The University of Adelaide","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3098279","raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W67536867","https://openalex.org/W87681983","https://openalex.org/W100648375","https://openalex.org/W166259489","https://openalex.org/W349069271","https://openalex.org/W982318698","https://openalex.org/W1417002089","https://openalex.org/W1966067479","https://openalex.org/W1972677112","https://openalex.org/W1987461137","https://openalex.org/W2030575204","https://openalex.org/W2039609595","https://openalex.org/W2064300199","https://openalex.org/W2070290746","https://openalex.org/W2085943541","https://openalex.org/W2110357431","https://openalex.org/W2112888416","https://openalex.org/W2139550426","https://openalex.org/W2145514301","https://openalex.org/W2152497415","https://openalex.org/W2169844033","https://openalex.org/W2188378520","https://openalex.org/W2251162390","https://openalex.org/W2277200722","https://openalex.org/W2280732131","https://openalex.org/W2295412326","https://openalex.org/W2340838113","https://openalex.org/W2409439155","https://openalex.org/W2510632587","https://openalex.org/W2512162447","https://openalex.org/W2516864637","https://openalex.org/W2546475581","https://openalex.org/W2556257735","https://openalex.org/W2612548380","https://openalex.org/W3099138433","https://openalex.org/W6600804206","https://openalex.org/W6602711240","https://openalex.org/W6687291244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1588484110","https://openalex.org/W1566901819","https://openalex.org/W2161008081","https://openalex.org/W2100947578","https://openalex.org/W1555832326","https://openalex.org/W604003083","https://openalex.org/W2000748181","https://openalex.org/W4313702440","https://openalex.org/W2027014281","https://openalex.org/W1985606654"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,39],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,41,83,141],"present":[4],"a":[5,12,19,43,90],"user":[6,75],"study":[7,76,105],"conducted":[8],"on":[9],"students":[10,146],"of":[11,21,33,51,68,92,103,124,150],"local":[13],"university":[14],"in":[15,29,72,109,118],"Pakistan":[16],"and":[17,31,54,111,121],"collected":[18,42],"corpus":[20],"Roman":[22,34,59,119],"Urdu":[23,35,60],"text":[24,36,57,70,116,148],"messages.":[25,37,58],"We":[26],"were":[27,84,106],"interested":[28],"forms":[30],"functions":[32],"To":[38],"end,":[40],"mobile":[44],"phone":[45],"usage":[46],"dataset.":[47],"The":[48],"data":[49],"consists":[50],"116":[52],"users":[53],"346,":[55],"455":[56],"text,":[61],"is":[62,137],"the":[63,122,128,135],"most":[64,101],"widely":[65],"adopted":[66,126],"style":[67],"writing":[69],"messages":[71,117],"Pakistan.":[73],"Our":[74],"leads":[77],"to":[78,86,133],"interesting":[79],"results,":[80],"for":[81],"instance,":[82],"able":[85],"quantitatively":[87],"show":[88],"that":[89,143],"number":[91],"words":[93],"are":[94],"written":[95],"using":[96],"more":[97],"than":[98],"one":[99],"spelling;":[100],"participants":[102,129],"our":[104],"not":[107],"comfortable":[108],"English":[110],"hence":[112],"they":[113],"write":[114],"their":[115],"Urdu;":[120],"choice":[123],"language":[125],"by":[127],"sometimes":[130],"varies":[131],"according":[132],"who":[134],"message":[136],"being":[138],"sent.":[139],"Moreover":[140],"found":[142],"many":[144],"young":[145],"send":[147],"messages(SMS)":[149],"intimate":[151],"nature.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2017-09-15T00:00:00"}