{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949774623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084452","title":"Persistent Spread Measurement for Big Network Data Based on Register Intersection","display_name":"Persistent Spread Measurement for Big Network Data Based on Register Intersection","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949774623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084452","mag":"2949774623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3084452","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084452","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3084452?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3084452?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022703140","display_name":"You Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4121-3649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"You Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc. & University of Florida, Mountain View, CA, USA","University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc. & University of Florida, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I33213144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112995835","display_name":"Yian Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yian Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc. & University of Florida, Mountain View, CA, USA","University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc. & University of Florida, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I33213144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043433191","display_name":"Min Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3852-7938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc. & University of Florida, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc. & University of Florida, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006184530","display_name":"Shigang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-7765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shigang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0985,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8239211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7512625455856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6267131567001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.5740349888801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-processor","display_name":"Network processor","score":0.4912809729576111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitmap","display_name":"Bitmap","score":0.4838337004184723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.47848910093307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardinality","display_name":"Cardinality (data modeling)","score":0.4498332440853119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3750218152999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3618123531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3381778597831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.17822003364562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.14991220831871033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.13211360573768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.12402153015136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08943033218383789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7512625455856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6267131567001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5740349888801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74366991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2755335","display_name":"Network processor","level":3,"score":0.4912809729576111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3115412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194708","display_name":"Bitmap","level":2,"score":0.4838337004184723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.47848910093307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87117476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362383","display_name":"Cardinality (data modeling)","level":2,"score":0.4498332440853119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3750218152999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3618123531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3381778597831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.17822003364562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.14991220831871033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.13211360573768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.12402153015136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08943033218383789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3084452","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084452","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3084452?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3084452","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084452","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3084452?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4924863632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"STC-1562485","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7260328751","display_name":"TWC: Medium: Digital Healthcare-Associated Infection: Measurement, Defense and Prevention in a Modern Digital Healthcare Ecosystem","funder_award_id":"1562485","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949774623.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949774623.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584894499","https://openalex.org/W1858168446","https://openalex.org/W1968574530","https://openalex.org/W1982092405","https://openalex.org/W2025051251","https://openalex.org/W2033896090","https://openalex.org/W2034302520","https://openalex.org/W2044177275","https://openalex.org/W2078345533","https://openalex.org/W2099480861","https://openalex.org/W2099856615","https://openalex.org/W2111678491","https://openalex.org/W2144982963","https://openalex.org/W2148665392","https://openalex.org/W2150935939","https://openalex.org/W2206382130","https://openalex.org/W2308530626","https://openalex.org/W2398137098","https://openalex.org/W2530137915","https://openalex.org/W3009073390","https://openalex.org/W4206137901","https://openalex.org/W4301459447","https://openalex.org/W6639080731","https://openalex.org/W6675247803"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350456333","https://openalex.org/W2101993108","https://openalex.org/W2356608866","https://openalex.org/W2355840328","https://openalex.org/W1975966184","https://openalex.org/W2364393392","https://openalex.org/W1575326507","https://openalex.org/W2724911294","https://openalex.org/W1569878055","https://openalex.org/W2002143851"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Persistent":[0],"spread":[1],"measurement":[2,85,135,147],"is":[3,65],"to":[4,66],"count":[5],"the":[6,33,68,90,122,130,134],"number":[7,74],"of":[8,35,71,75,126,155],"distinct":[9],"elements":[10],"that":[11,143],"persist":[12],"in":[13,32,129,150],"each":[14],"network":[15,30,44,48,61,94],"flow":[16,56],"for":[17,112],"predefined":[18],"time":[19],"periods.":[20],"It":[21,115],"has":[22],"many":[23],"practical":[24],"applications,":[25],"including":[26],"detecting":[27],"long-term":[28],"stealthy":[29,40,43],"activities":[31],"background":[34],"normal-user":[36],"activities,":[37],"such":[38,84],"as":[39,83],"DDoS":[41],"attack,":[42],"scan,":[45],"or":[46],"faked":[47],"trend,":[49],"which":[50],"cannot":[51],"be":[52,87],"detected":[53],"by":[54,93],"traditional":[55],"cardinality":[57],"measurement.":[58],"With":[59],"big":[60],"data,":[62],"one":[63],"challenge":[64],"measure":[67],"persistent":[69],"spreads":[70],"a":[72,104],"massive":[73],"flows":[76],"without":[77],"incurring":[78],"too":[79],"much":[80],"memory":[81,119,153],"overhead":[82],"may":[86],"performed":[88],"at":[89],"line":[91],"speed":[92],"processors":[95],"with":[96],"fast":[97],"but":[98],"small":[99],"on-chip":[100],"memory.":[101],"We":[102],"propose":[103],"highly":[105],"compact":[106],"Virtual":[107],"Intersection":[108],"HyperLogLog":[109],"(VI-HLL)":[110],"architecture":[111],"this":[113],"purpose.":[114],"achieves":[116],"far":[117],"better":[118],"efficiency":[120],"than":[121,157],"best":[123],"prior":[124],"work":[125],"V-Bitmap,":[127],"and":[128,139],"meantime":[131],"drastically":[132],"extends":[133],"range.":[136],"Theoretical":[137],"analysis":[138],"extensive":[140],"experiments":[141],"demonstrate":[142],"VI-HLL":[144],"provides":[145],"good":[146],"accuracy":[148],"even":[149],"very":[151],"tight":[152],"space":[154],"less":[156],"1":[158],"bit":[159],"per":[160],"flow.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}