{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2736074399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3067695.3082050","title":"Solving a large sudoku by co-evolving numerals","display_name":"Solving a large sudoku by co-evolving numerals","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2736074399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3067695.3082050","mag":"2736074399"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3067695.3082050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3067695.3082050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043431384","display_name":"Jeffrey Horn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177331275","display_name":"Northern Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/01epvyf46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177331275"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Horn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Michigan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Michigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177331275"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043431384"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177331275"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5165,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52280395,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"29","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numeral-system","display_name":"Numeral system","score":0.7958000898361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.719807505607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossover","display_name":"Crossover","score":0.6915764808654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6490594148635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4568333327770233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4499564468860626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.435769259929657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4271154999732971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.41091442108154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3799830675125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35556334257125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30030393600463867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07819885015487671}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204160518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122653","display_name":"Numeral system","level":2,"score":0.7958000898361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.719807505607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122507166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628906","display_name":"Crossover","level":2,"score":0.6915764808654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6490594148635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4568333327770233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4499564468860626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.435769259929657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4271154999732971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.41091442108154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3799830675125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35556334257125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30030393600463867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07819885015487671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3067695.3082050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3067695.3082050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606155696","https://openalex.org/W2126926002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539042112","https://openalex.org/W2371108399","https://openalex.org/W2525152177","https://openalex.org/W2979917306","https://openalex.org/W2369738212","https://openalex.org/W2383252209","https://openalex.org/W2152922390","https://openalex.org/W2381787154","https://openalex.org/W1617803207","https://openalex.org/W2367372043"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently":[0],"we":[1,68],"introduced":[2],"an":[3],"approach":[4],"to":[5,21,54,71,74,127],"solving":[6],"Sudoku":[7,16],"problems":[8],"with":[9],"co-evolution":[10,64],"[4]:":[11],"Resource-defined":[12],"Fitness":[13],"Sharing":[14],"for":[15,115],"(RFSS).":[17],"The":[18,82,122],"idea":[19],"is":[20,35,42,84,87,124],"find":[22],"a":[23,38,43,62,76],"set":[24],"of":[25,57,79,99,108],"non-conflicting":[26],"numerals":[27,73],"such":[28,91],"that":[29,47],"every":[30],"cell":[31],"in":[32],"the":[33,55,109,119],"puzzle":[34],"\"covered\"":[36],"by":[37],"numeral.":[39],"Each":[40],"numeral":[41],"species,":[44],"and":[45],"species":[46],"don't":[48,51],"compete":[49],"(i.e.,":[50],"conflict,":[52],"according":[53],"rules":[56],"Sudoku)":[58],"are":[59],"cooperating.":[60],"Using":[61],"well-known":[63],"algorithm,":[65],"fitness":[66],"sharing,":[67],"were":[69],"able":[70],"co-evolve":[72],"solve":[75],"large":[77],"number":[78],"example":[80],"puzzles.":[81],"algorithm":[83,123],"deterministic;":[85],"there":[86],"no":[88,106,111],"discovery":[89],"operator":[90],"as":[92],"crossover":[93],"or":[94,113],"mutation.":[95],"It":[96,104],"consists":[97],"solely":[98],"selection":[100],"on":[101,129],"shared":[102],"fitnesses.":[103],"assumes":[105],"knowledge":[107],"domain,":[110],"strategies":[112],"heuristics":[114],"Sudoku,":[116],"but":[117],"only":[118],"basic":[120],"rules.":[121],"general":[125],"enough":[126],"work":[128],"any":[130],"exact":[131],"cover":[132],"problem.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
