{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2599858443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3055186.3055198","title":"Secure 3D Printing","display_name":"Secure 3D Printing","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2599858443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3055186.3055198","mag":"2599858443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3055186.3055198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3055186.3055198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Cyber-Physical System Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064496184","display_name":"Nektarios Georgios Tsoutsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5769-0124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nektarios Georgios Tsoutsos","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, New York City, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, New York City, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022868555","display_name":"Homer Gamil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-783X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Homer Gamil","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Uae"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Uae","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043325974","display_name":"Michail Maniatakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0651"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michail Maniatakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Uae"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Uae","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064496184"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90664491,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"15","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.724090576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.7135306596755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.7019880414009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.6802622079849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.6128381490707397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.5662026405334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5431113243103027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5423570275306702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.5161800980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4401477575302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-model","display_name":"3d model","score":0.41049134731292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.3903460204601288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38640522956848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.23304706811904907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19333603978157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1879967451095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10939374566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.0999983549118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.08757731318473816}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.724090576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.7135306596755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7019880414009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.6802622079849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.6128381490707397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.5662026405334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5431113243103027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5423570275306702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.5161800980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4401477575302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019007443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568742","display_name":"3d model","level":2,"score":0.41049134731292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.3903460204601288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38640522956848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23304706811904907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19333603978157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1879967451095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10939374566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0999983549118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.08757731318473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3055186.3055198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3055186.3055198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Cyber-Physical System Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313203","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W612640548","https://openalex.org/W1557181714","https://openalex.org/W1586219442","https://openalex.org/W1964603660","https://openalex.org/W1969566657","https://openalex.org/W2013517877","https://openalex.org/W2027137968","https://openalex.org/W2063320517","https://openalex.org/W2064299621","https://openalex.org/W2102954267","https://openalex.org/W2112311198","https://openalex.org/W2144137528","https://openalex.org/W2351765604","https://openalex.org/W4249678223","https://openalex.org/W4253037375","https://openalex.org/W6675384217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944519609","https://openalex.org/W2913516852","https://openalex.org/W3207027035","https://openalex.org/W4297153975","https://openalex.org/W2134835281","https://openalex.org/W2884000368","https://openalex.org/W113860326","https://openalex.org/W2990454395","https://openalex.org/W1969084435","https://openalex.org/W3119670190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"3D":[1,61,95],"printing":[2],"becomes":[3],"more":[4],"ubiquitous,":[5],"traditional":[6],"centralized":[7],"process":[8,22,41],"chains":[9],"are":[10],"transformed":[11],"to":[12,26,42,87,104],"a":[13,69,83,89,120],"distributed":[14],"manufacturing":[15],"model,":[16],"where":[17],"each":[18],"step":[19],"of":[20,33,39,58,92],"the":[21,30,40,55,59,93,106],"can":[23,53],"be":[24],"outsourced":[25],"different":[27,110],"parties.":[28],"Despite":[29],"countless":[31],"benefits":[32],"this":[34,65],"revolutionary":[35],"technology,":[36],"outsourcing":[37],"parts":[38],"potentially":[43],"untrusted":[44],"parties":[45],"raises":[46],"security":[47],"concerns,":[48],"as":[49],"malicious":[50],"design":[51],"modifications":[52],"impact":[54],"structural":[56,116],"integrity":[57],"manufactured":[60],"geometries.":[62],"To":[63],"address":[64],"problem,":[66],"we":[67],"introduce":[68],"novel":[70],"compiler":[71],"that":[72],"allows":[73],"reverse":[74],"engineering":[75],"G-code":[76],"toolpaths":[77],"(i.e.,":[78],"machine":[79],"commands":[80],"describing":[81],"how":[82],"geometry":[84],"is":[85],"printed)":[86],"reconstruct":[88],"close":[90],"approximation":[91],"original":[94],"object.":[96],"Our":[97],"framework":[98],"then":[99],"uses":[100],"Finite":[101],"Element":[102],"Analysis":[103],"simulate":[105],"reconstructed":[107],"object":[108],"under":[109],"stress":[111],"conditions":[112],"and":[113],"validate":[114],"its":[115],"integrity,":[117],"without":[118],"requiring":[119],"golden":[121],"model":[122],"reference.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}