{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2736313002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3054743","title":"Proof-Carrying Hardware via Inductive Invariants","display_name":"Proof-Carrying Hardware via Inductive Invariants","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2736313002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3054743","mag":"2736313002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3054743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3054743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012128738","display_name":"Tobias Isenberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Isenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069368714","display_name":"Marco Platzner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-063X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Platzner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046915601","display_name":"Heike Wehrheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heike Wehrheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046114917","display_name":"Tobias Wiersema","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-9761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Wiersema","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1457,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8021896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.863330602645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5469825267791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop-unrolling","display_name":"Loop unrolling","score":0.49430370330810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.46323177218437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4179193079471588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4036857783794403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3408862054347992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.1854623258113861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12798210978507996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.863330602645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5469825267791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76970557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1869750","display_name":"Loop unrolling","level":3,"score":0.49430370330810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.46323177218437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4179193079471588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4036857783794403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3408862054347992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.1854623258113861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12798210978507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3054743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3054743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W753813756","https://openalex.org/W1535724250","https://openalex.org/W1549166962","https://openalex.org/W1556462035","https://openalex.org/W1564069522","https://openalex.org/W1588567874","https://openalex.org/W1677369896","https://openalex.org/W1757675462","https://openalex.org/W1907615271","https://openalex.org/W1984594799","https://openalex.org/W2025995266","https://openalex.org/W2028327857","https://openalex.org/W2034711041","https://openalex.org/W2050351395","https://openalex.org/W2054362794","https://openalex.org/W2066550846","https://openalex.org/W2073952811","https://openalex.org/W2104163774","https://openalex.org/W2108443473","https://openalex.org/W2115549888","https://openalex.org/W2118791871","https://openalex.org/W2135455660","https://openalex.org/W2137661662","https://openalex.org/W2141949513","https://openalex.org/W2142963883","https://openalex.org/W2148587834","https://openalex.org/W2511215765","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2708901938","https://openalex.org/W3138459719","https://openalex.org/W4237770726"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148967747","https://openalex.org/W4256534760","https://openalex.org/W3008658471","https://openalex.org/W2133860611","https://openalex.org/W1986517065","https://openalex.org/W2048582679","https://openalex.org/W2782226720","https://openalex.org/W3155846967","https://openalex.org/W582278231","https://openalex.org/W2496519511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Proof-carrying":[0],"hardware":[1,12,18,49],"(PCH)":[2],"is":[3,33,95,173,183],"a":[4,17,25,28,37,69,81],"principle":[5],"for":[6,9,27,84,175,187],"achieving":[7],"safety":[8,29],"dynamically":[10],"reconfigurable":[11],"systems.":[13],"The":[14,31],"producer":[15,141,162],"of":[16,47,108,134,152,158],"module":[19],"spends":[20],"huge":[21],"effort":[22],"when":[23],"creating":[24],"proof":[26,32],"policy.":[30],"then":[34],"transferred":[35],"as":[36,147,149],"certificate":[38],"together":[39],"with":[40,131],"the":[41,45,48,55,99,106,150,153,156,159,179,184],"configuration":[42],"bitstream":[43],"to":[44,66,115],"consumer":[46,139],"module,":[50],"who":[51],"can":[52],"quickly":[53],"verify":[54],"given":[56],"proof.":[57],"Previous":[58],"work":[59],"utilized":[60],"SAT":[61],"solvers":[62],"and":[63,72,118,137,140,143,155,163],"resolution":[64],"traces":[65],"set":[67],"up":[68],"PCH":[70,85],"technology":[71,83,114,172,182],"corresponding":[73],"tool":[74,126],"flows.":[75,127],"In":[76],"this":[77],"article,":[78],"we":[79,104],"present":[80],"novel":[82],"based":[86],"on":[87],"inductive":[88],"invariants.":[89],"For":[90],"sequential":[91,176],"circuits,":[92,177],"our":[93,113,169],"approach":[94],"fundamentally":[96],"stronger":[97],"than":[98],"previous":[100,180],"SAT-based":[101,181],"one":[102],"since":[103],"avoid":[105],"limitations":[107],"bounded":[109],"unrolling.":[110],"We":[111,128],"contrast":[112],"existing":[116],"ones":[117],"show":[119,167],"that":[120,168],"it":[121],"fits":[122],"into":[123],"previously":[124],"proposed":[125],"conduct":[129],"experiments":[130],"four":[132],"categories":[133],"benchmark":[135],"circuits":[136],"report":[138],"runtime":[142],"peak":[144],"memory":[145],"consumption,":[146],"well":[148],"size":[151],"certificates":[154],"distribution":[157],"workload":[160],"between":[161],"consumer.":[164],"Experiments":[165],"clearly":[166],"new":[170],"induction-based":[171],"superior":[174],"whereas":[178],"better":[185],"choice":[186],"combinational":[188],"circuits.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}