{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2615715744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3047406","title":"Evaluating the Content of LMF Standardized Dictionaries","display_name":"Evaluating the Content of LMF Standardized Dictionaries","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2615715744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3047406","mag":"2615715744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3047406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3047406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007792799","display_name":"Wafa Wali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wafa Wali","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIRACL Laboratory-University of Sfax"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIRACL Laboratory-University of Sfax","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040499361","display_name":"Bilel Gargouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-1362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilel Gargouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIRACL Laboratory-University of Sfax"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIRACL Laboratory-University of Sfax","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103751467","display_name":"Adelmajid Ben Hamadou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adelmajid Ben Hamadou","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIRACL Laboratory-University of Sfax"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIRACL Laboratory-University of Sfax","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2065,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6264746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.726304292678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicography","display_name":"Lexicography","score":0.6518831253051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6144082546234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.5371357202529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.513878345489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.4908204972743988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.4761790633201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markup-language","display_name":"Markup language","score":0.4683382511138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4640120267868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","score":0.42273804545402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.16913995146751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12090277671813965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.726304292678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80976798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184524","display_name":"Lexicography","level":2,"score":0.6518831253051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6144082546234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.5371357202529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.513878345489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4908204972743988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.4761790633201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37045","display_name":"Markup language","level":3,"score":0.4683382511138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4640120267868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778152352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","level":2,"score":0.42273804545402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16913995146751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12090277671813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3047406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3047406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421405","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","issn_l":"2375-4699","issn":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189150238","https://openalex.org/W255979092","https://openalex.org/W1926368082","https://openalex.org/W2010894699","https://openalex.org/W2029702978","https://openalex.org/W2034390192","https://openalex.org/W2045929671","https://openalex.org/W2049151043","https://openalex.org/W2121184547","https://openalex.org/W2133149548","https://openalex.org/W2133396913","https://openalex.org/W2154840867","https://openalex.org/W2155955937","https://openalex.org/W2216407296","https://openalex.org/W2250816155","https://openalex.org/W2251590257","https://openalex.org/W2287978948","https://openalex.org/W2344189264","https://openalex.org/W2489883633","https://openalex.org/W2524746485","https://openalex.org/W2624208492","https://openalex.org/W2762035099","https://openalex.org/W3177495806","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4391418904","https://openalex.org/W6727727659"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2168075961","https://openalex.org/W2353849939","https://openalex.org/W4385386698","https://openalex.org/W1976085742","https://openalex.org/W2313183070","https://openalex.org/W2507824260","https://openalex.org/W2350376111","https://openalex.org/W4250821351","https://openalex.org/W3206828390","https://openalex.org/W4246713331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,21,57,62,70,75,88,101,107,127,135],"age":[2],"of":[3,23,25,30,48,56,72,77,110,126,143],"paper":[4],"versions,":[5],"dictionaries":[6],"are":[7,33],"often":[8],"published":[9],"with":[10,44],"anomalies":[11,32,73],"in":[12,74,141],"their":[13],"content":[14,76],"resulting":[15],"from":[16,20],"lexicographer\u2019s":[17],"mistakes":[18],"or":[19],"lack":[22],"efficiency":[24],"automatic":[26,108],"enrichment":[27],"systems.":[28],"Many":[29],"these":[31],"expensive":[34],"to":[35,40,68],"manually":[36],"detect":[37],"and":[38,96,145],"difficult":[39],"automatically":[41],"control,":[42],"notably":[43],"lightly":[45],"structured":[46],"models":[47],"dictionaries.":[49,80],"In":[50],"this":[51],"article,":[52],"we":[53,82,99,104,114],"take":[54],"advantage":[55],"fine":[58],"structure":[59],"proposed":[60,136],"by":[61],"Lexical":[63],"Markup":[64],"Framework":[65],"(LMF)":[66],"norm":[67],"investigate":[69],"detection":[71,109],"LMF":[78],"normalized":[79,124],"First,":[81],"give":[83],"a":[84],"theoretical":[85],"study":[86],"on":[87,116,121],"plausible":[89],"anomalies,":[90],"such":[91,111],"as":[92],"inconsistency,":[93],"incoherence,":[94],"redundancy,":[95],"incompleteness.":[97],"Second,":[98],"detail":[100],"approach":[102,137],"that":[103,134],"propose":[105],"for":[106],"anomalies.":[112],"Finally,":[113],"report":[115],"an":[117,122],"experiment":[118,131],"carried":[119],"out":[120],"available":[123],"dictionary":[125],"Arabic":[128],"language.":[129],"The":[130],"has":[132],"shown":[133],"gives":[138],"reasonable":[139],"results":[140],"terms":[142],"precision":[144],"recall.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}