{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2613977835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054223","title":"Deep Learning for Hate Speech Detection in Tweets","display_name":"Deep Learning for Hate Speech Detection in Tweets","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2613977835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054223","mag":"2613977835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3041021.3054223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054223","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion - WWW '17 Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054223","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pinkesh Badjatiya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pinkesh Badjatiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shashank Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shashank Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Manish Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097016","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qryer39","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162141","display_name":"Microsoft (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ww0w091","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology & Microsoft, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology & Microsoft, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097016","https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vasudeva Varma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasudeva Varma","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":44.4845,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":800,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9982125,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"759","last_page":"760"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.7843999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.4957999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-activity-detection","display_name":"Voice activity detection","score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.3628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7876999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7843999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6431000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4957999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204201278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332614","display_name":"Voice activity detection","level":3,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.34310001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3041021.3054223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054223","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion - WWW '17 Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1706.00188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.00188","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.00188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3041021.3054223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054223","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion - WWW '17 Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1071251684","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2340954483","https://openalex.org/W2473555522"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hate":[0],"speech":[1],"detection":[2],"on":[3,69],"Twitter":[4],"is":[5],"critical":[6],"for":[7],"applications":[8],"like":[9],"controversial":[10],"event":[11],"extraction,":[12],"building":[13],"AI":[14],"chatterbots,":[15],"content":[16],"recommendation,":[17],"and":[18],"sentiment":[19],"analysis.":[20],"We":[21,49],"define":[22],"this":[23,45,65],"task":[24,46],"as":[25,32],"being":[26],"able":[27],"to":[28,58,63],"classify":[29],"a":[30,70],"tweet":[31],"racist,":[33],"sexist":[34],"or":[35],"neither.":[36],"The":[37],"complexity":[38],"of":[39,73],"the":[40],"natural":[41],"language":[42],"constructs":[43],"makes":[44],"very":[47],"challenging.":[48],"perform":[50],"extensive":[51],"experiments":[52,68],"with":[53],"multiple":[54],"deep":[55,80],"learning":[56,81],"architectures":[57],"learn":[59],"semantic":[60],"word":[61],"embeddings":[62],"handle":[64],"complexity.":[66],"Our":[67],"benchmark":[71],"dataset":[72],"16K":[74],"annotated":[75],"tweets":[76],"show":[77],"that":[78],"such":[79],"methods":[82,87],"outperform":[83],"state-of-the-art":[84],"char/word":[85],"n-gram":[86],"by":[88],"~18":[89],"F1":[90],"points.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":90},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":114},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":118},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":126},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":123},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":118},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2017-05-19T00:00:00"}