{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963799254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3034786.3034798","title":"BPTree","display_name":"BPTree","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963799254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3034786.3034798","mag":"2963799254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3034786.3034798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3034786.3034798","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3034798&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGAI Symposium on Principles of Database Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3034798&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053736722","display_name":"Vladimir Braverman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-8753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Braverman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070902714","display_name":"Stephen R. Chestnut","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen R. Chestnut","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013689256","display_name":"Nikita Ivkin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikita Ivkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109135732","display_name":"Jelani Nelson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jelani Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348315","display_name":"Zhengyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-2299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102861589","display_name":"David P. Woodruff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2158-1380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David P. Woodruff","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053736722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.171,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94910043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"361","last_page":"376"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaining","display_name":"Chaining","score":0.7661350965499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6561641693115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.4740588068962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streaming-algorithm","display_name":"Streaming algorithm","score":0.46771588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-logarithm","display_name":"Binary logarithm","score":0.46446743607521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.4570252597332001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bernoullis-principle","display_name":"Bernoulli's principle","score":0.41510745882987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.4005643129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35090452432632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3434058427810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24573493003845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.12026658654212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09631267189979553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49020025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059099","display_name":"Chaining","level":2,"score":0.7661350965499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6561641693115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.4740588068962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187166803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835831","display_name":"Streaming algorithm","level":3,"score":0.46771588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63553672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581168","display_name":"Binary logarithm","level":2,"score":0.46446743607521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.4570252597332001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152361515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181328","display_name":"Bernoulli's principle","level":2,"score":0.41510745882987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4005643129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35090452432632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3434058427810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24573493003845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.12026658654212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09631267189979553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3034786.3034798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3034786.3034798","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3034798&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGAI Symposium on Principles of Database Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/34744122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34744122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3034786.3034798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3034786.3034798","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3034798&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGAI Symposium on Principles of Database Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1270942712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N660001-1-2-4014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1454198591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1447471, 1447639, CCF-1350670","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2073288344","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-15-1-2388","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309327","display_name":"Google","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963799254.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8957553","https://openalex.org/W1493892051","https://openalex.org/W1527410861","https://openalex.org/W1546372806","https://openalex.org/W1553409264","https://openalex.org/W1634257591","https://openalex.org/W1675727887","https://openalex.org/W1863710074","https://openalex.org/W1956340982","https://openalex.org/W1965972569","https://openalex.org/W1995484833","https://openalex.org/W2001474264","https://openalex.org/W2006355640","https://openalex.org/W2026784425","https://openalex.org/W2050026004","https://openalex.org/W2052207834","https://openalex.org/W2060385919","https://openalex.org/W2069414131","https://openalex.org/W2069980026","https://openalex.org/W2072864444","https://openalex.org/W2080234606","https://openalex.org/W2080745194","https://openalex.org/W2092074494","https://openalex.org/W2104635635","https://openalex.org/W2113139394","https://openalex.org/W2129978406","https://openalex.org/W2144146806","https://openalex.org/W2144620640","https://openalex.org/W2168831133","https://openalex.org/W2291609542","https://openalex.org/W4251232133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995270367","https://openalex.org/W1779369758","https://openalex.org/W2951231217","https://openalex.org/W4390092937","https://openalex.org/W4300287281","https://openalex.org/W1527099827","https://openalex.org/W2148219949","https://openalex.org/W3167971312","https://openalex.org/W4390098099","https://openalex.org/W2086366030"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,92,129],"task":[1],"of":[2,8,19,77,87,103,110,132,147,168,209],"finding":[3,57],"heavy":[4,159],"hitters":[5,160],"is":[6,23,31,51,73,118,175],"one":[7],"the":[9,17,29,34,42,47,52,67,70,74,78,85,97,101,124,176,206],"best":[10],"known":[11,119],"and":[12,28,112,117,170,181,198],"well":[13],"studied":[14],"problems":[15],"in":[16,41,66,161],"area":[18],"data":[20],"streams.":[21],"One":[22],"given":[24],"a":[25,210,222],"list":[26],"i1,i2,...,im\u2208[n]":[27],"goal":[30],"to":[32,84,95,120],"identify":[33],"items":[35,59],"among":[36],"[n]":[37],"that":[38,60,164,226],"appear":[39],"frequently":[40],"list.":[43],"In":[44,149,183],"sub-polynomial":[45],"space,":[46],"strongest":[48],"guarantee":[49,99],"available":[50],"l2":[53,98,158],"guarantee,":[54],"which":[55,105,174,218],"requires":[56,106],"all":[58,193],"occur":[61],"at":[62,192],"least":[63],"\u03b5||\u0192||2":[64],"times":[65,88,194],"stream,":[68],"where":[69],"vector":[71],"\u0192\u2208Rn":[72],"count":[75],"histogram":[76],"stream":[79,125],"with":[80,195,215],"ith":[81],"coordinate":[82],"equal":[83],"number":[86],"i":[89],"appears":[90],"\u0192i:=#{j\u03b5[m]:ij=i.":[91],"first":[93],"algorithm":[94,137,155,188],"achieve":[96],"was":[100],"CountSketch":[102],"[11],":[104],"O(\u03b5-2log":[107],"n)":[108,114,145],"words":[109,146,167],"memory":[111,169,197],"O(log":[113],"update":[115,172,199],"time":[116],"be":[121],"space-optimal":[122],"if":[123],"allows":[126],"for":[127,138,157,189],"deletions.":[128],"recent":[130],"work":[131],"[7]":[133],"gave":[134],"an":[135,154,187],"improved":[136],"insertion-only":[139,162],"streams,":[140],"using":[141],"only":[142],"O(\u03b5-2log\u03b5-1log":[143],"log":[144],"memory.":[148],"this":[150],"work,":[151],"we":[152,185,219],"give":[153],"BPTree":[156],"streams":[163],"achieves":[165],"O(\u03b5-2log\u03b5-1)":[166],"O(log\u03b5-1)":[171],"time,":[173],"optimal":[177],"dependence":[178],"on":[179,204],"n":[180],"m.":[182],"addition,":[184],"describe":[186],"tracking":[190],"||\u0192||2":[191],"O(\u03b5-2)":[196],"time.":[200],"Our":[201],"analyses":[202],"rely":[203],"bounding":[205],"expected":[207],"supremum":[208],"Bernoulli":[211],"process":[212],"involving":[213],"Rademachers":[214],"limited":[216],"independence,":[217],"accomplish":[220],"via":[221],"Dudley-like":[223],"chaining":[224],"argument":[225],"may":[227],"have":[228],"applications":[229],"elsewhere.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2019-07-30T00:00:00"}
