{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2594847119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027412","title":"Sequencing content in an adaptive testing system","display_name":"Sequencing content in an adaptive testing system","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2594847119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027412","mag":"2594847119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3027385.3027412","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027412","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3027412&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3027412&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004599746","display_name":"Seth Adjei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-597X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seth A. Adjei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016746228","display_name":"Anthony F. Botelho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7373-4959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony F. Botelho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078998782","display_name":"Neil T. Heffernan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-288X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil T. Heffernan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004599746"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2079,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61778115,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"178","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9289000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6278685331344604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.6148857474327087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-tutoring-system","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","score":0.5379692912101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-achievement","display_name":"Student achievement","score":0.532387375831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.516114354133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-analytics","display_name":"Learning analytics","score":0.4878840446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4811047911643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.44737258553504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4065069258213043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"Academic achievement","score":0.3107387125492096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20573827624320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.20287713408470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14060235023498535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6278685331344604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.6148857474327087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055492","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","level":2,"score":0.5379692912101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986206625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18185","display_name":"Student achievement","level":3,"score":0.532387375831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.516114354133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.4878840446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4811047911643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.44737258553504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4065069258213043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.3107387125492096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20573827624320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.20287713408470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14060235023498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3027385.3027412","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027412","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3027412&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3027385.3027412","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027412","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3027412&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1128133788","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Gates","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2050073735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1316736","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3313002345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DRL-1252297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5594358474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"multiple","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5672457875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305C100024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306106","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5906920533","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305A120125","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306106","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6133684713","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1109483","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8121007642","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GAANN","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306106","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8254802686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DRL-1031398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8337109446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1440753","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G842482667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GAANN","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8460078011","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ACI-1440753, DRL-1252297, DRL-1109483, DRL-1316736 & DRL-1031398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8763841068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1252297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G899203672","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1031398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306106","display_name":"U.S. Department of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/021adze67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2594847119.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2594847119.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34069934","https://openalex.org/W1444691871","https://openalex.org/W1506939732","https://openalex.org/W1995864528","https://openalex.org/W2001866327","https://openalex.org/W2043030982","https://openalex.org/W2043539602","https://openalex.org/W2057981354","https://openalex.org/W2060811416","https://openalex.org/W2122025961","https://openalex.org/W2128884976","https://openalex.org/W2133895518","https://openalex.org/W2340555101","https://openalex.org/W4243784185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2978999882","https://openalex.org/W3141031773","https://openalex.org/W1595686156","https://openalex.org/W2181392282","https://openalex.org/W2119369480","https://openalex.org/W148937441","https://openalex.org/W2074591639","https://openalex.org/W336045097","https://openalex.org/W2200674809","https://openalex.org/W2080247548"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,80],"effect":[1,67,89,202],"of":[2,15,45,57,68,90,199,203],"choice":[3,26,70,179,204],"on":[4,71,152,205],"student":[5,69,206],"achievement":[6,76,161],"and":[7,27,74,159],"engagement":[8],"has":[9,33],"been":[10,34],"an":[11,78,116],"extensively":[12],"researched":[13],"area":[14],"learning":[16],"analytics.":[17],"Current":[18],"research":[19],"findings":[20,40],"suggest":[21],"a":[22,58,131],"positive":[23,201],"relationship":[24],"between":[25],"varied":[28],"outcome":[29],"measures,":[30],"but":[31],"little":[32],"reported":[35],"to":[36,86,99,105,121,136,144,150,155,194],"indicate":[37,140],"whether":[38],"these":[39],"hold":[41],"in":[42,62,77,103,109,119,125,134,148,187],"the":[43,55,66,88,93,101,110,126,146,196,200],"context":[44],"Intelligent":[46],"Tutoring":[47],"Systems":[48],"(ITS).":[49],"In":[50,92],"this":[51],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,64],"report":[54],"results":[56,192],"randomized":[59],"controlled":[60],"experiment":[61],"which":[63,104,120,135,149],"investigate":[65],"assignment":[72],"completion":[73,157,175],"future":[75],"ITS.":[79],"experimental":[81],"design":[82],"uses":[83],"three":[84],"conditions":[85],"observe":[87],"choice.":[91],"first":[94],"condition,":[95,112],"students":[96,113,143,172],"are":[97,114],"able":[98],"choose":[100,145],"order":[102,118,133,147],"complete":[106,122,137],"assignments,":[107],"while":[108],"second":[111],"prescribed":[115,130],"intuitive":[117],"assignments.":[123,138],"Those":[124],"third":[127],"condition":[128],"were":[129],"counter-intuitive":[132],"Results":[139],"that":[141,169],"allowing":[142],"work":[151],"assignments":[153],"leads":[154],"higher":[156,181],"rates":[158],"better":[160],"at":[162],"posttest.":[163],"A":[164],"post-hoc":[165],"analysis":[166],"also":[167],"revealed":[168],"even":[170],"considering":[171],"with":[173],"similar":[174],"rates,":[176],"those":[177,185],"given":[178],"had":[180],"posttest":[182],"scores":[183],"than":[184],"observed":[186],"any":[188],"other":[189],"condition.":[190],"These":[191],"seem":[193],"support":[195],"many":[197],"theories":[198],"achievement.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}