{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587620247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3022227.3022247","title":"Fusion of face recognition and facial expression detection for authentication","display_name":"Fusion of face recognition and facial expression detection for authentication","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587620247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3022227.3022247","mag":"2587620247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3022227.3022247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3022227.3022247","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022900274","display_name":"Delina Beh Mei Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Delina Beh Mei Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050566605","display_name":"Shariman Omar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I868599081","display_name":"BTG International (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05c691y47","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I868599081"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shariman Omar","raw_affiliation_strings":["BT Global Technology, Bangsar South, Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BT Global Technology, Bangsar South, Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I868599081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064956201","display_name":"Bazilah A. Talip","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5957-4066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bazilah A. Talip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048470428","display_name":"Amalia Muklas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amalia Muklas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062767979","display_name":"Nur Afiqah Mohd Norain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nur Afiqah Mohd Norain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109353006","display_name":"Abu Talib Othman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Talib Othman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kedah"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kedah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2771,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62215305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8859265446662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7565634846687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.572698712348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5724644064903259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5625975728034973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5533040165901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5041545629501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5011618137359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.43201425671577454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39494115114212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.330561101436615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3151155114173889}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8859265446662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7565634846687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.572698712348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5724644064903259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5625975728034973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5533040165901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5041545629501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5011618137359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.43201425671577454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39494115114212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.330561101436615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3151155114173889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3022227.3022247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3022227.3022247","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326062","display_name":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W297877265","https://openalex.org/W1588539311","https://openalex.org/W1602485673","https://openalex.org/W1896424170","https://openalex.org/W1922666161","https://openalex.org/W1997320534","https://openalex.org/W2022526499","https://openalex.org/W2044321590","https://openalex.org/W2078810896","https://openalex.org/W2104523429","https://openalex.org/W2106390385","https://openalex.org/W2107634464","https://openalex.org/W2120433720","https://openalex.org/W2121535603","https://openalex.org/W2129210471","https://openalex.org/W2130259898","https://openalex.org/W2132964930","https://openalex.org/W2134249892","https://openalex.org/W2135062929","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2143350951","https://openalex.org/W2151691591","https://openalex.org/W2158684487","https://openalex.org/W2159577413","https://openalex.org/W2211583793","https://openalex.org/W2284800790","https://openalex.org/W2318596871","https://openalex.org/W2323382595","https://openalex.org/W2329008720","https://openalex.org/W2403946894","https://openalex.org/W2543546039","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W4232557450","https://openalex.org/W4233164864","https://openalex.org/W4243815059","https://openalex.org/W4244344288","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302621737","https://openalex.org/W6678043225"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W143386018","https://openalex.org/W1004582678","https://openalex.org/W2656445685","https://openalex.org/W2115218409","https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2090949570","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2263162522","https://openalex.org/W2134080857","https://openalex.org/W3104966193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,15,91,102,118,139,160,195,199,204,259,265],"novel":[4],"model":[5],"of":[6,14,37,43,56,64,75,90,184,230],"hybrid":[7,69],"biometric-based":[8],"authentication.":[9],"Currently,":[10],"the":[11,30,41,54,85,98,104,124,130,169,176,185,189,208,225,228,248,252],"recognition":[12],"accuracy":[13],"single":[16,57,140],"biometric":[17,45,58,71,142],"verification":[18],"system":[19],"is":[20,46,127,143,167,173,180,233],"often":[21],"much":[22],"reduced":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,49,53,68,96,115,128,145,147,261],"many":[26],"factors":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29,221,258],"environment,":[31],"user":[32,120,201],"mode":[33],"and":[34,77,87,111,219],"physiological":[35,76],"defects":[36],"an":[38,122],"individual.":[39],"Apparently,":[40,114],"enrolment":[42],"static":[44,86],"highly":[47],"vulnerable":[48],"impersonation":[50],"attack.":[51],"Due":[52],"fact":[55],"authentication":[59,126],"only":[60],"offers":[61],"one":[62],"factor":[63],"verification,":[65],"we":[66,83,193],"proposed":[67,194],"two":[70,151,242],"attributes":[72],"that":[73,238],"consist":[74],"behavioural":[78],"trait.":[79],"In":[80,94],"this":[81],"study,":[82],"utilise":[84],"dynamic":[88],"features":[89,100,156],"human":[92],"face.":[93],"order":[95],"extract":[97],"important":[99],"from":[101,207],"face,":[103],"primary":[105],"steps":[106],"taken":[107],"are":[108,241],"image":[109],"pre-processing":[110],"face":[112,134,155,250],"detection.":[113],"distinguish":[116],"between":[117],"genuine":[119,200,266],"or":[121,152,243,267],"imposter,":[123],"first":[125],"verify":[129],"user's":[131],"identity":[132],"through":[133],"recognition.":[135],"Solely":[136],"depending":[137],"on":[138],"modal":[141],"possible":[144],"lead":[146],"false":[148],"acceptance":[149],"when":[150],"more":[153,244],"similar":[154],"may":[157],"result":[158],"in":[159,188,224,235],"relatively":[161],"high":[162],"match":[163],"score.":[164],"However,":[165],"it":[166,232],"found":[168],"False":[170,177],"Acceptance":[171],"Rate":[172,179],"0.55%":[174],"whereas":[175],"Rejection":[178],"7%.":[181],"By":[182],"reason":[183],"security":[186],"discrepancies":[187],"mentioned":[190],"condition,":[191],"therefore":[192],"fusion":[196],"method":[197],"whereby":[198],"will":[202,256],"select":[203],"facial":[205,254],"expression":[206,211,255],"seven":[209],"universal":[210],"(i.e.":[212],"happy,":[213],"sad,":[214],"anger,":[215],"disgust,":[216],"surprise,":[217],"fear":[218],"neutral)":[220],"enrolled":[222],"earlier":[223],"database.":[226],"For":[227],"proof":[229],"concept,":[231],"proven":[234],"our":[236],"results":[237],"even":[239],"there":[240],"users":[245],"coincidently":[246],"have":[247],"same":[249],"features,":[251],"selected":[253],"act":[257],"password":[260],"be":[262],"prominently":[263],"distinguished":[264],"impostor":[268],"user.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
