{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604216566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3017680.3022463","title":"Time Lord","display_name":"Time Lord","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604216566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3017680.3022463","mag":"2604216566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3017680.3022463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3017680.3022463","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008061036","display_name":"Eduardo J. Castillo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130905186","display_name":"Wofford College","ror":"https://ror.org/04dzs7b08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130905186"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo J. Castillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wofford College, Spartanburg, SC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wofford College, Spartanburg, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130905186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041245378","display_name":"Xenia Mountrouidou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204593131","display_name":"College of Charleston","ror":"https://ror.org/00390t168","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xenia Mountrouidou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341802","display_name":"Xiang\u2010Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-6625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204593131","display_name":"College of Charleston","ror":"https://ror.org/00390t168","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Charleston, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Charleston, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2065,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62064204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"755","last_page":"756"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8334025740623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.618776798248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5511012077331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5373588800430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5189449787139893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5032429099082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.5005757808685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ascii","display_name":"ASCII","score":0.4587628245353699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.434281587600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.424324631690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42273712158203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3635425269603729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16890904307365417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0928044319152832}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8334025740623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.618776798248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5511012077331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5373588800430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5189449787139893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5032429099082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.5005757808685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196832560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8815","display_name":"ASCII","level":2,"score":0.4587628245353699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.434281587600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.424324631690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42273712158203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3635425269603729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16890904307365417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0928044319152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3017680.3022463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3017680.3022463","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8120640448","display_name":"IUSE: Collaborative Project: Engaged Student Learning: Design and Development, Level I: Broadening the Path to the STEM Profession through Cybersecurity Learning","funder_award_id":"1700254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62210294","https://openalex.org/W1972041827","https://openalex.org/W2151185692","https://openalex.org/W2157852252","https://openalex.org/W4254373586"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368824897","https://openalex.org/W1508050556","https://openalex.org/W1910862367","https://openalex.org/W3110976612","https://openalex.org/W2379365082","https://openalex.org/W2370747590","https://openalex.org/W2030109976","https://openalex.org/W2369260257","https://openalex.org/W2389120450","https://openalex.org/W55249799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Covert":[0,48],"channels":[1,53,112],"are":[2],"unique":[3],"methods":[4],"for":[5,158,230],"exchanging":[6],"messages,":[7],"since":[8],"they":[9],"permit":[10],"sending":[11],"information":[12,21],"secretly.":[13],"Unlike":[14],"encryption,":[15],"covert":[16],"communication":[17,101],"allows":[18],"to":[19,59,82,84,98,102,121,179,201,212],"send":[20],"covertly,":[22],"using":[23,152,185],"an":[24],"otherwise":[25],"legitimate":[26],"medium":[27],"of":[28,92,106,129,143,204],"transfer,":[29],"thus":[30],"it":[31,95],"is":[32,38,44,75,96,118,148],"not":[33],"apparent":[34],"that":[35,54,87],"a":[36,64,126,197],"message":[37],"being":[39],"transferred":[40],"at":[41],"all.":[42],"There":[43],"limited":[45],"research":[46],"on":[47,63,150,224],"Timing":[49],"Channels":[50],"(CTCs),":[51],"i.e.,":[52,191],"manipulate":[55],"packet":[56],"inter-arrival":[57],"time":[58],"exchange":[60],"messages":[61],"based":[62,149],"certain":[65],"encoding.":[66],"Implementing":[67],"and":[68,110,139,156,160,242],"testing":[69],"CTCs":[70],"in":[71,77,113,125,196,239],"real":[72,114],"network":[73,85,131],"environments":[74],"lacking":[76],"the":[78,104,169,174,181,205,227,240],"current":[79],"literature":[80],"due":[81],"sensitivity":[83],"delays":[86],"significantly":[88],"affects":[89],"this":[90,134],"type":[91],"communication.":[93],"Thus,":[94],"important":[97],"implement":[99],"CTC":[100],"analyze":[103],"challenges":[105],"creating":[107],"robust,":[108],"efficient,":[109],"undetectable":[111,183],"life":[115],"situations.":[116],"It":[117],"also":[119],"paramount":[120],"test":[122],"these":[123],"implementations":[124,142,223],"wide":[127],"range":[128],"realistic":[130],"conditions.":[132],"In":[133],"research,":[135],"we":[136,172],"have":[137,220],"developed":[138,173],"tested":[140,221],"two":[141],"CTCs.":[144],"The":[145],"first":[146],"implementation":[147,163,176,208],"[1]":[151],"standard":[153,216],"bits":[154],"encoding":[155,186],"ASCII":[157],"simplicity":[159],"robustness.":[161],"This":[162,207],"suffers":[164],"from":[165],"easy":[166],"detection.":[167],"On":[168],"other":[170],"hand,":[171],"second":[175],"with":[177,187,215],"goal":[178],"make":[180],"channel":[182],"by":[184],"five":[188,194],"different":[189],"delays,":[190],"symbols,":[192],"where":[193],"symbols":[195],"specific":[198],"order":[199],"correspond":[200],"one":[202],"letter":[203],"alphabet.":[206],"has":[209],"sufficient":[210],"randomness":[211],"be":[213],"undetected":[214],"statistical":[217],"mechanisms.":[218],"We":[219],"both":[222],"local":[225],"networks,":[226],"Global":[228],"Environment":[229],"Network":[231],"Innovations":[232],"(GENI)":[233],"controlled":[234],"environment,":[235],"networks":[236],"across":[237],"states":[238],"US,":[241],"internationally.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2017-04-14T00:00:00"}