{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2535037793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2989081.2989095","title":"How Many MLCs Should Impersonate SLCs to Optimize SSD Performance?","display_name":"How Many MLCs Should Impersonate SLCs to Optimize SSD Performance?","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2535037793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2989081.2989095","mag":"2535037793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2989081.2989095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2989081.2989095","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2989095&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Memory Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2989095&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101866048","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6553-2452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022678232","display_name":"Wen Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103174002","display_name":"Tao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-5422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007777903","display_name":"Deng Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University, Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101866048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7719,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87232096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"238","last_page":"247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.816875696182251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8070123195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.7340844869613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.5597366094589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.45376670360565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23437070846557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09448134899139404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.816875696182251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8070123195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.7340844869613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.5597366094589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.45376670360565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23437070846557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09448134899139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2989081.2989095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2989081.2989095","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2989095&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Memory Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2989081.2989095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2989081.2989095","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2989095&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Memory Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1682733388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1320738","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2535037793.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2535037793.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57243869","https://openalex.org/W67191628","https://openalex.org/W1262434878","https://openalex.org/W1880860249","https://openalex.org/W1927325493","https://openalex.org/W1968241068","https://openalex.org/W2008101152","https://openalex.org/W2023603118","https://openalex.org/W2029118431","https://openalex.org/W2063643009","https://openalex.org/W2067499657","https://openalex.org/W2129083811","https://openalex.org/W2162522253","https://openalex.org/W2201220957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2536863148","https://openalex.org/W2107806761","https://openalex.org/W2359563172","https://openalex.org/W2039069990","https://openalex.org/W2096662407","https://openalex.org/W4210431493","https://openalex.org/W4248334423","https://openalex.org/W2287663836"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"an":[1,9,14,63,115,120,143,166,183],"MLC":[2,193],"(multi-level":[3],"cell)":[4,12],"can":[5,40,60],"be":[6,41],"used":[7],"in":[8,27,85,95],"SLC":[10,29],"(single-level":[11],"mode,":[13],"MLC-based":[15],"flash":[16],"SSD":[17],"typically":[18],"uses":[19],"a":[20,49,53,79,96,110,146,212,219],"fixed":[21,50,220],"small":[22],"portion":[23],"(called":[24],"log":[25,54,80],"partition)":[26],"the":[28,76,90,139,155,173,199,206],"mode":[30],"to":[31,62,69,89,113,171,194,205,225],"accommodate":[32],"hot":[33],"data":[34,97],"so":[35],"that":[36,48,73,159,216],"its":[37],"overall":[38,65,140],"performance":[39,66,87,117,141],"improved.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44,125],"paper,":[45],"we":[46,71,127,157,181],"show":[47,215],"capacity":[51,77],"of":[52,78,142,175,201],"partition":[55,81,134],"without":[56],"considering":[57],"workload":[58,112,162,207],"characteristics":[59],"lead":[61],"unexpected":[64],"degradation.":[67],"Contrary":[68],"intuition,":[70],"notice":[72],"blindly":[74],"enlarging":[75],"would":[82],"also":[83],"result":[84],"worse":[86],"due":[88],"increased":[91],"garbage":[92],"collection":[93],"cost":[94,149],"partition,":[98],"which":[99,196],"serves":[100],"cold":[101],"data.":[102],"How":[103],"many":[104],"MLCs":[105],"should":[106],"impersonate":[107],"SLCs":[108],"under":[109],"particular":[111],"achieve":[114],"optimized":[116],"is":[118,151],"still":[119],"open":[121],"question.":[122],"To":[123],"answer":[124],"question,":[126],"first":[128],"measure":[129],"write":[130,148],"costs":[131],"on":[132,138,154],"each":[133,161],"and":[135],"their":[136],"impact":[137],"SSD.":[144],"Next,":[145],"hardware-validated":[147],"model":[150],"built.":[152],"Based":[153],"model,":[156],"demonstrate":[158],"for":[160],"there":[163],"always":[164],"exists":[165],"optimal":[167],"partitioning":[168,179,221],"scheme.":[169],"Further,":[170],"verify":[172],"effectiveness":[174],"our":[176],"workload-aware":[177],"dynamic":[178],"strategy,":[180],"implement":[182],"FTL":[184],"(flash":[185],"translation":[186],"layer)":[187],"called":[188],"BROMS":[189,217],"(Best":[190],"Ratio":[191],"Of":[192],"SLC),":[195],"adaptively":[197],"adjusts":[198],"capacities":[200],"two":[202],"partitions":[203],"according":[204],"characteristics.":[208],"Experimental":[209],"results":[210],"from":[211],"hardware":[213],"platform":[214],"outperforms":[218],"scheme":[222],"by":[223],"up":[224],"86%.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
