{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2512415869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2984450.2984459","title":"Unmanned aircraft systems in the national airspace system","display_name":"Unmanned aircraft systems in the national airspace system","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2512415869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2984450.2984459","mag":"2512415869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2984450.2984459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2984450.2984459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221220","display_name":"ACM SIGLOG News","issn_l":"2372-3491","issn":["2372-3491"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGLOG News","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016058241","display_name":"C\u00e9sar Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-8254"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C\u00e9sar A. Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048656750","display_name":"Aaron Dutle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5514"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Dutle","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000166506","display_name":"Anthony Narkawicz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Narkawicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024483363","display_name":"Jason Upchurch","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Upchurch","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":52.1029,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9947245,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"67","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-airspace-system","display_name":"National Airspace System","score":0.8226462602615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.6860369443893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5974168181419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.5823929309844971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5247371792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5134590268135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4889356195926666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-traffic-control","display_name":"Air traffic control","score":0.47289812564849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.43890380859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.4259123206138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4107869863510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.22380751371383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.16717007756233215}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780722376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6970266","display_name":"National Airspace System","level":3,"score":0.8226462602615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.6860369443893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5974168181419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.5823929309844971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5247371792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5134590268135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4889356195926666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.47289812564849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.43890380859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.4259123206138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4107869863510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.22380751371383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.16717007756233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2984450.2984459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2984450.2984459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221220","display_name":"ACM SIGLOG News","issn_l":"2372-3491","issn":["2372-3491"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGLOG News","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1237746","https://openalex.org/W68238214","https://openalex.org/W1421638684","https://openalex.org/W1484491875","https://openalex.org/W1489571681","https://openalex.org/W1496148428","https://openalex.org/W1534850143","https://openalex.org/W1940831209","https://openalex.org/W1978149312","https://openalex.org/W1990210124","https://openalex.org/W1993722858","https://openalex.org/W2071871554","https://openalex.org/W2082485176","https://openalex.org/W2085183089","https://openalex.org/W2143848809","https://openalex.org/W2312525721","https://openalex.org/W2313793189","https://openalex.org/W2314568826","https://openalex.org/W2325174399","https://openalex.org/W2399829426","https://openalex.org/W2476472589","https://openalex.org/W2951630058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155329577","https://openalex.org/W2232320607","https://openalex.org/W1495424341","https://openalex.org/W2042250975","https://openalex.org/W2123753634","https://openalex.org/W2467691813","https://openalex.org/W583035398","https://openalex.org/W652573403","https://openalex.org/W2003365484","https://openalex.org/W2275934786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,27,52,66,100,116,128,136],"technological":[2],"and":[3,58,71,81,92,150,158],"operational":[4],"capabilities":[5],"of":[6,26,40,68,96,118,127,135,138,148,156,161],"unmanned":[7],"aircraft":[8,98],"systems":[9],"(UAS)":[10],"have":[11,15],"grown,":[12],"so":[13],"too":[14],"international":[16],"efforts":[17],"to":[18,49,84,87],"integrate":[19],"UAS":[20,44,76,85],"into":[21],"civil":[22],"airspace.":[23,101],"However,":[24],"one":[25],"major":[28],"concerns":[29],"that":[30,39,55,77],"must":[31],"be":[32],"addressed":[33],"in":[34,90,99,115,133],"realizing":[35],"this":[36,119],"integration":[37],"is":[38],"safety.":[41],"For":[42],"example,":[43],"lack":[45],"an":[46],"on-board":[47],"pilot":[48],"comply":[50],"with":[51],"legal":[53],"requirement":[54,63],"pilots":[56],"see":[57],"avoid":[59,72],"other":[60,97],"aircraft.":[61],"This":[62,121,144],"has":[64,110],"motivated":[65],"development":[67,117,137],"a":[69,112,124,139],"detect":[70],"(DAA)":[73],"capability":[74],"for":[75,142],"provides":[78],"situational":[79],"awareness":[80],"maneuver":[82],"guidance":[83],"operators":[86],"aid":[88],"them":[89],"avoiding":[91],"remaining":[93],"well":[94],"clear":[95],"The":[102],"NASA":[103],"Langley":[104],"Research":[105],"Center":[106],"Formal":[107],"Methods":[108],"group":[109],"played":[111],"fundamental":[113],"role":[114],"capability.":[120],"article":[122],"gives":[123],"selected":[125],"survey":[126],"formal":[129,154],"methods":[130],"work":[131,145],"conducted":[132],"support":[134],"DAA":[140],"concept":[141],"UAS.":[143],"includes":[146],"specification":[147],"low-level":[149],"high-level":[151],"functional":[152],"requirements,":[153],"verification":[155],"algorithms,":[157],"rigorous":[159],"validation":[160],"software":[162],"implementations.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}