{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2537005436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2983990.2984020","title":"Ringer: web automation by demonstration","display_name":"Ringer: web automation by demonstration","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2537005436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2983990.2984020","mag":"2537005436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2983990.2984020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2983990.2984020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044744312","display_name":"Shaon Barman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7410-0926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaon Barman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090728813","display_name":"Sarah Chasins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-3580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Chasins","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085160432","display_name":"Rastislav Bod\u00edk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6639-1647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rastislav Bodik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011543162","display_name":"Sumit Gulwani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-9634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumit Gulwani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044744312"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2866,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97463006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"748","last_page":"764"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-page","display_name":"Web page","score":0.7670098543167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.754518449306488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.739119291305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.7247112393379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.6558741331100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.6273617148399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4999701976776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-development","display_name":"Web development","score":0.4960502088069916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application","display_name":"Web application","score":0.4380500316619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-design","display_name":"Web design","score":0.4180174469947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.24429503083229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.16601994633674622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13440635800361633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.7670098543167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.754518449306488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.739119291305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.7247112393379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.6558741331100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.6273617148399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4999701976776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79373723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386275","display_name":"Web development","level":3,"score":0.4960502088069916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118643609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189210","display_name":"Web application","level":2,"score":0.4380500316619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521306242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190637","display_name":"Web design","level":3,"score":0.4180174469947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.24429503083229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16601994633674622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13440635800361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2983990.2984020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2983990.2984020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175473630","https://openalex.org/W1984315811","https://openalex.org/W1987647365","https://openalex.org/W2001959118","https://openalex.org/W2002956097","https://openalex.org/W2008956593","https://openalex.org/W2012449655","https://openalex.org/W2042616792","https://openalex.org/W2056112725","https://openalex.org/W2102480769","https://openalex.org/W2107202920","https://openalex.org/W2110249090","https://openalex.org/W2114541504","https://openalex.org/W2117906316","https://openalex.org/W2138480899","https://openalex.org/W2139627310","https://openalex.org/W2141018153","https://openalex.org/W2141125339","https://openalex.org/W2141997418","https://openalex.org/W2168627721","https://openalex.org/W2193288339","https://openalex.org/W2252200336","https://openalex.org/W2522352709","https://openalex.org/W2593119538","https://openalex.org/W2913650309","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120222276","https://openalex.org/W1498027272","https://openalex.org/W2155328138","https://openalex.org/W2167278502","https://openalex.org/W2389737178","https://openalex.org/W3025289787","https://openalex.org/W2134450361","https://openalex.org/W2106946048","https://openalex.org/W2048620454","https://openalex.org/W188332989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"increasing":[1],"amounts":[2],"of":[3,13],"data":[4,41],"available":[5],"on":[6,128,131],"the":[7,55,63,96,120],"web":[8,21,46,77],"and":[9,71,89,134],"a":[10,69,84,91,99,143],"diverse":[11],"range":[12],"users":[14,28],"interested":[15],"in":[16],"programmatically":[17],"accessing":[18],"that":[19,75,93,136],"data,":[20,36],"automation":[22,47,78],"must":[23,57],"become":[24],"easier.":[25],"Automation":[26],"helps":[27],"complete":[29],"many":[30],"tedious":[31],"interactions,":[32],"such":[33],"as":[34,87,98],"scraping":[35],"completing":[37],"forms,":[38],"or":[39],"transferring":[40],"between":[42],"websites.":[43],"However,":[44],"writing":[45],"scripts":[48,106],"typically":[49],"requires":[50],"an":[51],"expert":[52],"programmer":[53],"because":[54,112],"writer":[56],"be":[58],"able":[59],"to":[60,80,109,119],"reverse":[61],"engineer":[62],"target":[64],"webpage.":[65],"We":[66,124],"have":[67],"built":[68],"record":[70],"replay":[72,145],"tool,":[73],"Ringer,":[74],"makes":[76,104],"accessible":[79],"non-coders.":[81],"Ringer":[82,105],"takes":[83],"user":[85,100],"demonstration":[86],"input":[88],"creates":[90],"script":[92],"interacts":[94],"with":[95],"page":[97],"would.":[101],"This":[102],"approach":[103,127],"more":[107,140],"robust":[108],"webpage":[110,122],"changes":[111],"user-facing":[113],"interfaces":[114],"remain":[115],"relatively":[116],"stable":[117],"compared":[118],"underlying":[121],"implementations.":[123],"evaluated":[125],"our":[126],"benchmarks":[129,141],"recorded":[130],"real":[132],"webpages":[133],"found":[135],"it":[137],"replayed":[138],"4x":[139],"than":[142],"state-of-the-art":[144],"tool.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}