{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2535439566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2982142.2982145","title":"Gaze Typing Through Foot-Operated Wearable Device","display_name":"Gaze Typing Through Foot-Operated Wearable Device","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2535439566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2982142.2982145","mag":"2535439566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2982142.2982145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2982142.2982145","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070540752","display_name":"Vijay Rajanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2665-1189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Rajanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070540752"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.429,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89036275,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"345","last_page":"346"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12207","display_name":"Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.8442856669425964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/words-per-minute","display_name":"Words per minute","score":0.8105279803276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.7612602710723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6846401691436768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typing","display_name":"Typing","score":0.6617670655250549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-keyboard","display_name":"Virtual keyboard","score":0.5857508182525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.5643411874771118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4924372136592865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.49103760719299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foot","display_name":"Foot (prosody)","score":0.489284485578537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.45387473702430725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4516030550003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42783230543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.41898244619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-entry","display_name":"Text entry","score":0.41743242740631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.23021578788757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.09584110975265503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.8442856669425964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777970837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569389","display_name":"Words per minute","level":3,"score":0.8105279803276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.7612602710723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6846401691436768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781209916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3215756","display_name":"Typing","level":2,"score":0.6617670655250549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780367331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861170","display_name":"Virtual keyboard","level":2,"score":0.5857508182525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.5643411874771118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4924372136592865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.49103760719299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115076146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1651051","display_name":"Foot (prosody)","level":2,"score":0.489284485578537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.45387473702430725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4516030550003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42783230543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.41898244619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988504831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192366","display_name":"Text entry","level":2,"score":0.41743242740631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.23021578788757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.09584110975265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2982142.2982145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2982142.2982145","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005872415","https://openalex.org/W2031781307","https://openalex.org/W2077379736","https://openalex.org/W2099287431","https://openalex.org/W2294057466"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944916510","https://openalex.org/W4388927174","https://openalex.org/W4294068484","https://openalex.org/W4366590342","https://openalex.org/W2083791748","https://openalex.org/W2986190770","https://openalex.org/W2183155639","https://openalex.org/W3092505936","https://openalex.org/W2045129569","https://openalex.org/W2963044735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gaze":[0],"Typing,":[1],"a":[2,18,21,61,75,83,93,119,134],"gaze-assisted":[3],"text":[4,16],"entry":[5],"method,":[6],"allows":[7],"individuals":[8],"with":[9,114,126],"motor":[10,127],"(arm,":[11],"spine)":[12],"impairments":[13,128],"to":[14,87,110],"enter":[15,92],"on":[17],"computer":[19],"using":[20],"virtual":[22,77],"keyboard":[23],"and":[24,45,82,101,160,183,192],"their":[25],"gaze.":[26],"Though":[27],"gaze":[28,69,136,197],"typing":[29,40,137,198],"is":[30,35,54],"widely":[31],"accepted,":[32],"this":[33,57],"method":[34],"limited":[36],"by":[37,104],"its":[38],"lower":[39],"speed,":[41],"higher":[42],"error":[43],"rate,":[44],"the":[46,88,95,99,106,111,115,131,147,161],"resulting":[47],"visual":[48],"fatigue,":[49],"since":[50],"dwell-based":[51],"key":[52],"selection":[53],"used.":[55],"In":[56,145],"research,":[58],"we":[59,175,188],"present":[60,176],"gaze-assisted,":[62],"wearable-supplemented,":[63],"foot":[64],"interaction":[65],"framework":[66,72],"for":[67],"dwell-free":[68],"typing.":[70],"The":[71],"consists":[73],"of":[74,139,150,164,166,195],"custom-built":[76],"keyboard,":[78],"an":[79],"eye":[80],"tracker,":[81],"wearable":[84,112],"device":[85],"attached":[86,109],"user's":[89],"foot.":[90,116],"To":[91],"character,":[94],"user":[96,121],"looks":[97],"at":[98],"character":[100],"selects":[102],"it":[103],"pressing":[105],"pressure":[107],"pad,":[108],"device,":[113],"Results":[117],"from":[118,179],"preliminary":[120],"study":[122],"involving":[123],"two":[124],"participants":[125,132],"show":[129],"that":[130],"achieved":[133],"mean":[135,148,162],"speed":[138],"6.23":[140],"Words":[141],"Per":[142,153],"Minute":[143],"(WPM).":[144],"addition,":[146],"value":[149,163],"Key":[151],"Strokes":[152],"Character":[154],"(KPSC)":[155],"was":[156,170],"1.07":[157],"(ideal":[158,172],"1.0),":[159],"Rate":[165],"Backspace":[167],"Activation":[168],"(RBA)":[169],"0.07":[171],"0.0).":[173],"Furthermore,":[174],"our":[177,196],"findings":[178],"multiple":[180],"usability":[181],"studies":[182],"design":[184,194],"iterations,":[185],"through":[186],"which":[187],"created":[189],"appropriate":[190],"affordances":[191],"experience":[193],"system.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
