{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2536316226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978407","title":"A Protocol for Privately Reporting Ad Impressions at Scale","display_name":"A Protocol for Privately Reporting Ad Impressions at Scale","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2536316226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978407","mag":"2536316226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2976749.2978407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978407","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2978407&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2978407&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100626525","display_name":"Matthew Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5518-3412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046505000","display_name":"Watson Ladd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-8529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Watson Ladd","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049802912","display_name":"Ian Miers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-2368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Miers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100626525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9755,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94556385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1591","last_page":"1601"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.9648369550704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8083871006965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.7704480886459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.6554520726203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.5785435438156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.5607074499130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5316717624664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5299994349479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.49365338683128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.4869502782821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-third-party","display_name":"Trusted third party","score":0.4644731283187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-primitive","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","score":0.41924038529396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.41863447427749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.35979437828063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3268335461616516}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.9648369550704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8083871006965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.7704480886459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.6554520726203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.5785435438156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.5607074499130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5316717624664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5299994349479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.49365338683128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.4869502782821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139089976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142273","display_name":"Trusted third party","level":2,"score":0.4644731283187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15927051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246593","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","level":4,"score":0.41924038529396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.41863447427749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.35979437828063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3268335461616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2976749.2978407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978407","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2978407&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2976749.2978407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978407","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2978407&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1086111944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1441209","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G38644319","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-14-1-0333","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4002987656","display_name":"TC: Large:Self Protecting Electronic Medical Records","funder_award_id":"1010928","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G65974435","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EFMA-1441209,CNS-1010928","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876996369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327705","display_name":"Mozilla Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01y8r3379"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2536316226.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2536316226.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8137136","https://openalex.org/W126203942","https://openalex.org/W827005847","https://openalex.org/W1247015877","https://openalex.org/W1501894674","https://openalex.org/W1502745717","https://openalex.org/W1503855251","https://openalex.org/W1769920533","https://openalex.org/W1901278359","https://openalex.org/W1982205422","https://openalex.org/W2008531776","https://openalex.org/W2070239372","https://openalex.org/W2080132708","https://openalex.org/W2081307968","https://openalex.org/W2099858845","https://openalex.org/W2099868491","https://openalex.org/W2103299932","https://openalex.org/W2111586182","https://openalex.org/W2115256097","https://openalex.org/W2122281733","https://openalex.org/W2128141215","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2138784757","https://openalex.org/W2150248082","https://openalex.org/W2160976120","https://openalex.org/W2177365856","https://openalex.org/W2189109560","https://openalex.org/W2200869402","https://openalex.org/W2350778671","https://openalex.org/W2401976587","https://openalex.org/W2913009005","https://openalex.org/W4235009389","https://openalex.org/W4252033442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904818008","https://openalex.org/W2904314268","https://openalex.org/W57958781","https://openalex.org/W1554274402","https://openalex.org/W2361781577","https://openalex.org/W1488313539","https://openalex.org/W1971522943","https://openalex.org/W2141019415","https://openalex.org/W2126560026","https://openalex.org/W2110132381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2,53,77],"protocol":[3,64],"to":[4,18,46,81],"enable":[5],"privacy":[6],"preserving":[7],"advertising":[8],"reporting":[9],"at":[10],"scale.":[11],"Unlike":[12],"previous":[13],"systems,":[14],"our":[15,63],"work":[16],"scales":[17,65],"millions":[19],"of":[20,24,26,50],"users":[21],"and":[22],"tens":[23],"thousands":[25],"distinct":[27],"ads.":[28],"Our":[29],"approach":[30,36],"builds":[31],"on":[32,70],"the":[33],"homomorphic":[34,58],"encryption":[35],"proposed":[37],"by":[38],"Adnostic,":[39],"but":[40],"uses":[41],"new":[42],"cryptographic":[43],"proof":[44],"techniques":[45],"efficiently":[47],"report":[48],"billions":[49],"ad":[51],"impressions":[52],"day":[54],"using":[55],"an":[56],"additively":[57],"voting":[59],"schemes.":[60],"Most":[61],"importantly,":[62],"without":[66],"imposing":[67],"high":[68],"loads":[69],"trusted":[71],"third":[72],"parties.":[73],"Finally,":[74],"we":[75],"investigate":[76],"cost":[78],"effective":[79],"method":[80],"privately":[82],"deliver":[83],"ads":[84],"with":[85],"computational":[86],"private":[87],"information":[88],"retrieval.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}