{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2517039026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2970398.2970412","title":"An Analysis of the Cost and Benefit of Search Interactions","display_name":"An Analysis of the Cost and Benefit of Search Interactions","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2517039026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2970398.2970412","mag":"2517039026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2970398.2970412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2970398.2970412","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048218964","display_name":"Leif Azzopardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-0557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leif Azzopardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076031002","display_name":"Guido Zuccon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-5563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Zuccon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048218964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.6669,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97868055,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"59","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8126013278961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.7909992933273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.685343861579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance-feedback","display_name":"Relevance feedback","score":0.4561757743358612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.42155182361602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.37047693133354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20047008991241455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8126013278961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.7909992933273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.685343861579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779532271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445558","display_name":"Relevance feedback","level":4,"score":0.4561757743358612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.42155182361602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.37047693133354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20047008991241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2970398.2970412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2970398.2970412","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:58952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/517553.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"NonPeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:ad8b718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402388","display_name":"Queensland's institutional digital repository (The University of Queensland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","host_organization_name":"The University of Queensland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8513375","https://openalex.org/W135190683","https://openalex.org/W1484051695","https://openalex.org/W1523019309","https://openalex.org/W1534076377","https://openalex.org/W1597379241","https://openalex.org/W1748815599","https://openalex.org/W1967498673","https://openalex.org/W1968927634","https://openalex.org/W1969340322","https://openalex.org/W1972846045","https://openalex.org/W1973693034","https://openalex.org/W1982304915","https://openalex.org/W1983164881","https://openalex.org/W1986903447","https://openalex.org/W1992549066","https://openalex.org/W1995242587","https://openalex.org/W1996422672","https://openalex.org/W1997797544","https://openalex.org/W1998381498","https://openalex.org/W2004737172","https://openalex.org/W2009142739","https://openalex.org/W2020728328","https://openalex.org/W2024230945","https://openalex.org/W2029009258","https://openalex.org/W2031858317","https://openalex.org/W2037140704","https://openalex.org/W2038975839","https://openalex.org/W2045607701","https://openalex.org/W2048045485","https://openalex.org/W2052379065","https://openalex.org/W2057323446","https://openalex.org/W2057744254","https://openalex.org/W2059120814","https://openalex.org/W2069870183","https://openalex.org/W2074484048","https://openalex.org/W2079701654","https://openalex.org/W2085417874","https://openalex.org/W2087499664","https://openalex.org/W2096217861","https://openalex.org/W2105831293","https://openalex.org/W2106404250","https://openalex.org/W2109377302","https://openalex.org/W2113640060","https://openalex.org/W2119529697","https://openalex.org/W2130076000","https://openalex.org/W2134440707","https://openalex.org/W2135880665","https://openalex.org/W2136177758","https://openalex.org/W2136250827","https://openalex.org/W2140619391","https://openalex.org/W2150937237","https://openalex.org/W2160232633","https://openalex.org/W2166259816","https://openalex.org/W2259592457","https://openalex.org/W2329317691","https://openalex.org/W2397669334","https://openalex.org/W2402441596","https://openalex.org/W2405834411","https://openalex.org/W2492868234","https://openalex.org/W2504948292","https://openalex.org/W2887197124","https://openalex.org/W4244980072"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1921936017","https://openalex.org/W1971071004","https://openalex.org/W2009716188","https://openalex.org/W1518380457","https://openalex.org/W2001985945","https://openalex.org/W1973132420","https://openalex.org/W2460037195","https://openalex.org/W2078482661","https://openalex.org/W1968222678","https://openalex.org/W2157408137"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interactive":[0],"Information":[1],"Retrieval":[2],"(IR)":[3],"systems":[4],"often":[5],"provide":[6,168],"various":[7,67],"features":[8],"and":[9,15,38,64,79,119,173],"functions,":[10],"such":[11,32],"as":[12,183,192],"query":[13,89],"suggestions":[14],"relevance":[16,117],"feedback,":[17],"that":[18,51,69,147],"a":[19,45,87,97,107,114,137,143,161,184,193],"user":[20,47,95,105,115],"may":[21,23,39],"or":[22,72,99,109],"not":[24,180],"decide":[25],"to":[26,30,41,129,159],"use.":[27],"The":[28],"decision":[29],"take":[31,49,106],"an":[33],"option":[34],"has":[35],"associated":[36],"costs":[37,63],"lead":[40],"some":[42],"benefit.":[43,55],"Thus,":[44],"savvy":[46],"would":[48,122],"decisions":[50,68,150],"maximises":[52],"their":[53],"net":[54],"In":[56],"this":[57,133],"paper,":[58],"we":[59,135,156],"formally":[60],"model":[61],"the":[62,81,94,104,123,130,149,154],"benefits":[65],"of":[66,139,145,163],"users,":[70],"implicitly":[71],"explicitly,":[73],"make":[74],"when":[75,112,121],"searching.":[76],"We":[77],"consider":[78],"analyse":[80],"following":[82],"scenarios:":[83],"(i)":[84],"how":[85],"long":[86],"user's":[88],"should":[90,93,103,113],"be?":[91],"(ii)":[92],"pose":[96],"specific":[98],"vague":[100],"query?":[101],"(iii)":[102],"suggestion":[108],"re-formulate?":[110],"(iv)":[111],"employ":[116],"feedback?":[118],"(v)":[120],"\"find":[124],"similar\"":[125],"functionality":[126],"be":[127],"worthwhile":[128],"user?":[131],"To":[132],"end,":[134],"build":[136],"series":[138],"cost-benefit":[140,198],"models":[141,199],"exploring":[142],"variety":[144],"parameters":[146],"affect":[148],"at":[151],"play.":[152],"Through":[153],"analyses,":[155],"are":[157],"able":[158],"draw":[160],"number":[162],"insights":[164],"into":[165],"different":[166],"decisions,":[167],"explanations":[169],"for":[170,186,195],"observed":[171],"behaviours":[172],"generate":[174],"numerous":[175],"testable":[176],"hypotheses.":[177],"This":[178],"work":[179],"only":[181],"serves":[182],"basis":[185],"future":[187],"empirical":[188],"work,":[189],"but":[190],"also":[191],"template":[194],"developing":[196],"other":[197],"involving":[200],"human-computer":[201],"interaction.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
