{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2519677435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2967878.2967907","title":"Accuracy Enhancement of Devanagari Character Recognition by Gray level Normalization","display_name":"Accuracy Enhancement of Devanagari Character Recognition by Gray level Normalization","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2519677435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2967878.2967907","mag":"2519677435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2967878.2967907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2967878.2967907","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005945539","display_name":"Mahesh Jangid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5697-8786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73779912","display_name":"Manipal University Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/040h76494","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahesh Jangid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, SCIT, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, SCIT, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080604534","display_name":"Sumit Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-736X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73779912","display_name":"Manipal University Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/040h76494","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumit Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of IT, SCIT, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of IT, SCIT, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.507,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73091418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devanagari","display_name":"Devanagari","score":0.9832571744918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.8364158868789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7292191386222839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7183235883712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6134516000747681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.6107901930809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.46353864669799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-level","display_name":"Gray level","score":0.4537390470504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-word-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","score":0.42504510283470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.3851458728313446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-character-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","score":0.2317904531955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.06210803985595703}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780144916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38592","display_name":"Devanagari","level":4,"score":0.9832571744918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.8364158868789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7292191386222839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7183235883712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6134516000747681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.6107901930809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.46353864669799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985861186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Gray level","level":3,"score":0.4537390470504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17649283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044162","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","level":5,"score":0.42504510283470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.3851458728313446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44868376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099089","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","level":4,"score":0.2317904531955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.06210803985595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2967878.2967907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2967878.2967907","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565542963","https://openalex.org/W1736593278","https://openalex.org/W1847550273","https://openalex.org/W2039842338","https://openalex.org/W2044943596","https://openalex.org/W2084781027","https://openalex.org/W2108878368","https://openalex.org/W2118924867","https://openalex.org/W2126017095","https://openalex.org/W2133464112","https://openalex.org/W2139700572","https://openalex.org/W2140776489","https://openalex.org/W2155947133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571152061","https://openalex.org/W145261646","https://openalex.org/W1907538284","https://openalex.org/W2576806841","https://openalex.org/W3005813478","https://openalex.org/W2181827047","https://openalex.org/W2113960414","https://openalex.org/W4360905860","https://openalex.org/W2739657682","https://openalex.org/W2140677964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"recognition":[1,30,96],"of":[2,10,26],"Indian":[3],"handwritten":[4,27,67,88],"languages":[5],"are":[6],"attracting":[7],"the":[8,23,53,64,79,82],"attention":[9],"researchers":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,62],"wide":[14],"variation":[15],"and":[16,34,43,92],"scope.":[17],"This":[18],"manuscript":[19],"is":[20,40,76],"focus":[21],"on":[22,86],"Accuracy":[24],"enhancement":[25],"Devanagari":[28,39,89],"character":[29],"using":[31],"background":[32],"elimination":[33],"gray":[35],"level":[36],"normalization":[37],"techniques.":[38],"a":[41,59],"famous":[42],"widely":[44],"used":[45,77],"script":[46],"in":[47],"India.":[48],"In":[49],"last":[50],"few":[51],"decades,":[52],"gradient":[54],"based":[55],"approaches":[56],"have":[57,84],"become":[58],"best":[60],"choice":[61],"extract":[63],"features":[65],"from":[66],"characters.":[68],"GLAC":[69],"(Gradient":[70],"Local":[71],"Auto-Correlation)":[72],"feature":[73],"extraction":[74],"technique":[75],"for":[78],"experiment.":[80],"All":[81],"experiments":[83],"done":[85],"standard":[87],"database":[90],"(36172)":[91],"obtained":[93],"(95.94%)":[94],"higher":[95],"rate.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}