{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2532683594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2966986.2967062","title":"OWARU","display_name":"OWARU","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2532683594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2966986.2967062","mag":"2532683594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2966986.2967062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2966986.2967062","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101764248","display_name":"Jinwook Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-5277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwook Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","Dept. of EE, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of EE, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043138186","display_name":"Gi-Joon Nam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-2935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gi-Joon Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research","IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102913365","display_name":"Lakshmi Reddy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-1645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakshmi Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research","IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031004106","display_name":"Iris Hui-Ru Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-3442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iris Hui-Ru Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Dept. of EE, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of EE, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020011072","display_name":"Youngsoo Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-9212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngsoo Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","Dept. of EE, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of EE, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.617168128490448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-path-method","display_name":"Critical path method","score":0.5814168453216553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.5427037477493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5285593271255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.508330762386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microprocessor","display_name":"Microprocessor","score":0.4848407506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4512374699115753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-timing-analysis","display_name":"Static timing analysis","score":0.44081878662109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43591630458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-design","display_name":"Physical design","score":0.4143928587436676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3521798253059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24949654936790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.19532757997512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1238202154636383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.09373801946640015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.617168128490448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115874739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825377","display_name":"Critical path method","level":2,"score":0.5814168453216553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.5427037477493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5285593271255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.508330762386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780728072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5297","display_name":"Microprocessor","level":2,"score":0.4848407506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4512374699115753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93682380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2025226","display_name":"Static timing analysis","level":2,"score":0.44081878662109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43591630458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188817802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13426855","display_name":"Physical design","level":3,"score":0.4143928587436676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3521798253059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24949654936790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.19532757997512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1238202154636383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.09373801946640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2966986.2967062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2966986.2967062","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970795504","https://openalex.org/W1999938868","https://openalex.org/W2000089152","https://openalex.org/W2000366549","https://openalex.org/W2042333722","https://openalex.org/W2113066134","https://openalex.org/W2113202945","https://openalex.org/W2115819745","https://openalex.org/W2136466299","https://openalex.org/W2163763728","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W6650404083","https://openalex.org/W6689029123"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235807419","https://openalex.org/W2144633290","https://openalex.org/W2550704533","https://openalex.org/W2890026549","https://openalex.org/W1859946853","https://openalex.org/W2827496155","https://openalex.org/W2157190039","https://openalex.org/W2976181145","https://openalex.org/W2030852227","https://openalex.org/W4253016735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,23,49,77],"powerful":[4],"new":[5,95],"technique":[6,33,55,126,142],"called":[7],"&#x201C;OWARU&#x201D;<sup>1</sup>":[8],"that":[9,39,160],"re-places":[10],"and":[11,81,184],"re-sizes":[12],"multiple":[13,114],"gates":[14],"simultaneously":[15],"to":[16,47,75,99],"improve":[17,101],"the":[18,69,102,124,128,148,153,166,171,180,185],"most":[19,149],"critical":[20,150,158],"paths":[21,159],"of":[22,130,152,179],"design.":[24],"In":[25],"essence,":[26],"it":[27],"is":[28,92,110,175],"an":[29,82],"incremental":[30],"timing-driven":[31],"placement":[32,79,97,108],"integrated":[34],"with":[35,43,94,113],"gate":[36,115],"sizing":[37],"optimization":[38,135],"runs":[40],"in":[41,146],"conjunction":[42],"static":[44],"timing":[45,85,157],"analysis":[46],"guarantee":[48,76],"WYSIWYG":[50],"<sup>2</sup>":[51],"property.":[52],"The":[53,87,117,141],"OWARU":[54,125],"offers":[56],"several":[57],"key":[58],"advantages":[59],"over":[60],"previous":[61,167],"techniques":[62,98],"such":[63],"as":[64],"geometrical":[65],"path":[66,103,151],"straightening":[67],"via":[68],"B&#x00E9;zier-curve":[70,88],"algorithm,":[71],"free":[72],"space":[73,106],"awareness":[74],"legal":[78],"solution,":[80],"accurate":[83],"true":[84],"mode.":[86],"geometric":[89],"smoothing":[90],"algorithm":[91,109],"extended":[93],"anchor":[96],"further":[100,111],"placement.":[104],"Free":[105],"aware":[107],"enhanced":[112],"optimization.":[116],"preliminary":[118],"results":[119],"are":[120],"promising.":[121],"We":[122],"applied":[123],"at":[127],"end":[129],"industrial":[131],"strength":[132],"physical":[133,168],"synthesis":[134,169],"on":[136,193],"high":[137],"performance":[138],"microprocessor":[139],"designs.":[140,155],"was":[143],"extremely":[144],"effective":[145],"improving":[147],"tested":[154],"On":[156],"were":[161],"not":[162],"fully":[163],"closed":[164],"from":[165],"optimization,":[170],"WS":[172],"(worst":[173],"slack)":[174,189],"improved":[176,190],"by":[177,191],"5.3%":[178],"total":[181],"clock":[182],"period":[183],"TNS":[186],"(total":[187],"negative":[188],"91.3%":[192],"average.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-10-28T00:00:00"}
