{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2469682240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2947626.2947644","title":"Impact of Drug Abuse on Face Recognition Systems","display_name":"Impact of Drug Abuse on Face Recognition Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2469682240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2947626.2947644","mag":"2469682240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2947626.2947644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2947626.2947644","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Raghavendra","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Raghavendra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory, NTNU - Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory, NTNU - Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089066381","display_name":"Kiran Raja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-5161"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiran B. Raja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory, NTNU - Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory, NTNU - Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017716310","display_name":"Christoph Busch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9159-2923"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Busch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory, NTNU - Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory, NTNU - Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4026,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70440733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"24","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.7446448802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6441153287887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5725962519645691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5536103844642639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45634448528289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.44993025064468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4345831573009491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-abuse","display_name":"Substance abuse","score":0.4330657422542572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33799242973327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.31249991059303284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2943231463432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.21376430988311768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.14417237043380737}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7446448802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6441153287887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5725962519645691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5536103844642639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45634448528289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.44993025064468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4345831573009491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40010229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3184856","display_name":"Substance abuse","level":2,"score":0.4330657422542572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33799242973327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.31249991059303284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2943231463432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21376430988311768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.14417237043380737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2947626.2947644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2947626.2947644","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502160187","https://openalex.org/W1524354018","https://openalex.org/W1554705885","https://openalex.org/W1607979445","https://openalex.org/W1865963168","https://openalex.org/W2009846607","https://openalex.org/W2020308406","https://openalex.org/W2091746900","https://openalex.org/W2129812935","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2959792658","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W4299473292","https://openalex.org/W6639335622"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166031825","https://openalex.org/W2918845005","https://openalex.org/W2040482211","https://openalex.org/W2058325696","https://openalex.org/W2185537520","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W4285815683","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Drug":[0,101],"abuse":[1],"leads":[2],"to":[3,17,32,43,53,62,158],"high":[4],"degree":[5],"of":[6,13,23,28,39,45,49,71,106,135,155],"the":[7,10,69,72,91,113,144,153],"change":[8,27,38],"in":[9,25,34,78],"facial":[11,29,35],"structure":[12,30],"a":[14,59,83,126],"person":[15],"due":[16,31,42],"multiple":[18],"factors":[19],"which":[20,57,97],"include":[21],"loss":[22],"fat":[24],"face,":[26],"changes":[33],"muscles":[36],"and":[37,89,151],"skin":[40],"texture":[41],"appearance":[44],"acnes.":[46],"The":[47,93,132],"combination":[48],"such":[50,148,160],"effects":[51],"lead":[52],"completely":[54],"deformed":[55],"face":[56,63,75,85,121,149],"presents":[58],"complex":[60],"challenge":[61,145],"based":[64],"authentication":[65],"systems.":[66],"To":[67],"study":[68],"impact":[70],"drug-abuse":[73],"on":[74],"recognition":[76,122],"systems,":[77],"this":[79],"work,":[80],"we":[81],"create":[82],"new":[84],"database":[86,96,115],"collected":[87,95,114],"before":[88],"after":[90],"drug-abuse.":[92],"newly":[94],"is":[98,116],"referred":[99],"as":[100],"Abuse":[102],"Database":[103],"(DAD)":[104],"consists":[105],"images":[107,150],"obtained":[108,133],"from":[109],"101":[110],"subjects.":[111],"Further,":[112],"analysed":[117],"using":[118],"various":[119],"state-of-art":[120],"algorithms":[123,157],"along":[124],"with":[125],"widely":[127],"used":[128],"commercial-off-the-shelf":[129],"(COTS)":[130],"system.":[131],"performance":[134],"GMR":[136],"=":[137,141],"12.90%":[138],"at":[139],"FMR":[140],"0.01%":[142],"indicates":[143],"presented":[146],"by":[147],"underlines":[152],"importance":[154],"newer":[156],"handle":[159],"challenge.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}