{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2509860763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939700","title":"Data-Driven Metric Development for Online Controlled Experiments","display_name":"Data-Driven Metric Development for Online Controlled Experiments","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2509860763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939700","mag":"2509860763"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2939672.2939700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075519075","display_name":"Alex Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8116-5602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101666398","display_name":"Xiaolin Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3705-1552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134091","display_name":"Yahoo (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/040dkzz12","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134091"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yahoo Research, Sunnyvale, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yahoo Research, Sunnyvale, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134091"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.3251,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98916623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"77","last_page":"86"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9531999826431274,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9460999965667725,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7708189487457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.719578206539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.6103291511535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5757240653038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mantra","display_name":"Mantra","score":0.5124214291572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.46678125858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.4195351004600525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3670121431350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2680462896823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11242210865020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.09836745262145996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7708189487457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.719578206539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.6103291511535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5757240653038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778171436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131510","display_name":"Mantra","level":2,"score":0.5124214291572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.46678125858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.4195351004600525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3670121431350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2680462896823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11242210865020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.09836745262145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2939672.2939700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500478607","https://openalex.org/W1896407793","https://openalex.org/W1975566260","https://openalex.org/W1985476803","https://openalex.org/W1986020933","https://openalex.org/W2008251177","https://openalex.org/W2015465704","https://openalex.org/W2038121406","https://openalex.org/W2069003154","https://openalex.org/W2070815407","https://openalex.org/W2074380434","https://openalex.org/W2096946253","https://openalex.org/W2110216803","https://openalex.org/W2110228583","https://openalex.org/W2112508839","https://openalex.org/W2114968482","https://openalex.org/W2116435975","https://openalex.org/W2123937625","https://openalex.org/W2126002144","https://openalex.org/W2127052912","https://openalex.org/W2137521756","https://openalex.org/W2146774335","https://openalex.org/W2149590690","https://openalex.org/W2158254843","https://openalex.org/W2160092878","https://openalex.org/W2169113736","https://openalex.org/W2170443290","https://openalex.org/W2532610538","https://openalex.org/W4245974783","https://openalex.org/W4298081798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605789739","https://openalex.org/W3210201299","https://openalex.org/W2890871679","https://openalex.org/W2808216538","https://openalex.org/W2319117687","https://openalex.org/W2073917588","https://openalex.org/W4287165197","https://openalex.org/W3189463824","https://openalex.org/W4300181948","https://openalex.org/W2526264351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"controlled":[1,68],"experiments,":[2,69,106],"also":[3],"called":[4],"A/B":[5],"testing,":[6],"have":[7],"been":[8],"established":[9],"as":[10,80],"the":[11,32,90,129,188,193],"mantra":[12],"for":[13,100,128,192],"data-driven":[14,82,110,182],"decision":[15],"making":[16],"in":[17,66,103,117],"many":[18],"web-facing":[19],"companies.":[20],"In":[21,84,121],"recent":[22],"years,":[23],"there":[24,70],"are":[25,151],"emerging":[26],"research":[27],"works":[28],"focusing":[29],"on":[30,75,89,146,177],"building":[31],"platform":[33],"and":[34,40,47,51,58,97,107,112,141,170,181,184],"scaling":[35],"it":[36],"up,":[37],"best":[38],"practices":[39],"lessons":[41,145],"learned":[42],"to":[43,55,94,154,164,186],"obtain":[44],"trustworthy":[45],"results,":[46],"experiment":[48],"design":[49],"techniques":[50,111],"various":[52],"issues":[53],"related":[54],"statistical":[56],"inference":[57],"testing.":[59],"However,":[60],"despite":[61],"playing":[62],"a":[63,81],"central":[64],"role":[65],"online":[67,101,105,138,195],"is":[71],"little":[72],"published":[73],"work":[74],"treating":[76],"metric":[77,118],"development":[78,119],"itself":[79],"process.":[83,120],"this":[85],"paper,":[86],"we":[87,123],"focus":[88],"topic":[91],"of":[92,136,159,161],"how":[93,109,153,163,185],"develop":[95,165],"meaningful":[96],"useful":[98],"metrics":[99,131,160,166,191],"services":[102],"their":[104],"show":[108],"criteria":[113],"can":[114],"be":[115],"applied":[116],"particular,":[122],"emphasize":[124],"two":[125,149,157],"fundamental":[126],"qualities":[127,150,158],"goal":[130,190],"(or":[132],"Overall":[133],"Evaluation":[134],"Criteria)":[135],"any":[137],"service:":[139],"directionality":[140,169],"sensitivity.":[142],"We":[143],"share":[144],"why":[147],"these":[148,156],"critical,":[152],"measure":[155],"interest,":[162],"with":[167],"clear":[168],"high":[171],"sensitivity":[172],"by":[173],"using":[174],"approaches":[175],"based":[176],"user":[178],"behavior":[179],"models":[180],"calibration,":[183],"choose":[187],"right":[189],"entire":[194],"services.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
